BACKGROUND A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 1998 in Chung-Hsing Village, Taiwan to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and its related factors in the elderly. METHODS Individuals aged 65 years and over were recruited as study subjects. A total of 1093 persons, out of 1774 registered residents, were contacted for face-to-face interview (61.6%). However, only 586...

INTRODUCTION The effect of hyperglycaemia on the brain cells of septic shock patients is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hyperglycaemia and apoptosis in the brains of septic shock patients. METHODS In a prospective study of 17 patients who died from septic shock, hippocampal tissue was assessed for neuronal ischaemia, neuronal and microglial apopt...

AIMS To determine the effects of acute hyperglycaemia on anorectal motor and sensory function in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS In eight patients with Type 1, and 10 patients with Type 2 diabetes anorectal motility and sensation were evaluated on separate days while the blood glucose concentration was stabilized at either 5 mmol/l or 12 mmol/l using a glucose clamp technique. Eight ...

The cystic fibrosis (CF) airway surface liquid (ASL) provides a nutrient rich environment for bacterial growth including elevated glucose, which together with defective bacterial killing due to aberrant HCO3- transport and acidic ASL, make the CF airways susceptible to colonisation by respiratory pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Approximately half of adults with CF have CF related diab...

ized by an increase in plasma glucose levels. This hyperglycaemia is the result of deficient insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Chronic hyperglycaemia affects several tissues and organs, produces an inflammatory effect and has been shown to be a stimulus for bone resorption in vitro. Bone loss in diabetes does not seem to depend as much on an increase in osteoclastogenesis as on a redu...

Diabetic status is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and an increased burden of senescent cells. Recently, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been suggested as a possible source of inflammatory factors in obesity-induced type 2 diabetes. However, while senescence is a known consequence of hyperglycaemia, evidences of SASP as a result of the glycaemic insult a...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the haemodynamic changes during hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia or hypertriglyceridaemia in relation to those following a mixed meal. Ten subjects were subjected to hypertriglyceridaemia (3.9 mmol/l) for 2 h by an infusion of Intralipid and heparin. Nine subjects received a hyperglycaemic clamp (12.5 mmol/l) with octreotide and low-dose insulin inf...

Studies suggest that haem, non-haem iron and total iron intake may be related to non-communicable diseases, especially metabolic syndrome. This study was undertaken to investigate the association of haem, non-haem iron and total iron intake with metabolic syndrome and its components. A cross-sectional population-based survey was performed in 2008, enrolling 591 adults and elderly adults living ...

Journal of Diabetes Nursing Vol 16 No 8 2012 The effects of hyperglycaemia within critical care are profound, as critically ill individuals are in a hypermetabolic state as a result of either major surgery or acute illness. The causes of this metabolic response are the intense activation of the counter-regulatory hormones – cortisol, glucagon, epinephrine and growth hormone. These hormones incr...