Abstract Firefly algorithm (FA) is a new random swarm search optimization that modeled after movement and the mutual attraction of flashing fireflies. The number fitness comparisons attractions in FA varies depending on model. A large can induce oscillations, while small cause early convergence add to computational time complexity. This study aims offer H-GA–FA, hybrid combines two metaheuristi...

this paper proposes a novel hybrid algorithm namely apso-bfo which combines merits of bacterial foraging optimization (bfo) algorithm and adaptive particle swarm optimization (apso) algorithm to determine the optimal pid parameters for control of nonlinear systems. to balance between exploration and exploitation, the proposed hybrid algorithm accomplishes global search over the whole search spa...