Charged particles of extensive air showers (EAS), mainly electrons and positrons, initiate the emission of fluorescence light in the Earth’s atmosphere. This light provides a calorimetric measurement of the energy of cosmic rays. For reconstructing the primary energy from an observed light track of an EAS, the fluorescence yield in air has to be known in dependence on atmospheric conditions, li...

D U R I N G the past quarter of a century, aeromedical investigators have succeeded with great ingenuity in simulating on the ground nearly all the conditions and stresses to which the pilot of an aircraft or of a space vehicle could be exposed. Gigantic human centrifuges and rocket sleds have been created to produce high accelerations at controlled rates of onset and decay. Elaborate low press...

Despite its fundamental importance in radiative transfer, atmospheric dynamics and the hydrological cycle, atmospheric water is inadequately characterized particularly at a global scale. Occultation measurements from the Global Positioning System (GPS) should imporve upon thids situation. Individual occultations yield profiles of specific humidity accurate to -0.2 gkg providing sensitive measur...

The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) is a space-borne limb viewing mid-infrared high-resolution spectrometer launched on ENVISAT into polar orbit on 1 March 2002. Water vapour and temperature profiles are retrievable from spectral data in an altitude range from approximately 5 km up to the mesosphere. Complementing the operational analysis of ESA, a non-operatio...

the mean fiber length of three beech trees (fagus orientalis l.) at the lower and higher points (1% and 75% tree height) of the stem at an intermediate altitude (500-1000m) in the caspian forests in sari region were 1.36 and 1.22mm respectively, close to the values in three trees at high altitude (1000-1500m), that were found to be 1.39 and 1.36 mm. the mean fiber lengths of the whole stem, usi...

Hydrological data are mandatory for the elaboration of studies related to water management. Statistical analysis is a crucial step grasping distribution range. The presented study consists on applying statistical descriptive three climate variable; precipitation, temperature and relative humidity. Two gages stations were used; Bab Marzouka Idriss First in Innaouène watershed. obtained results u...

Introduction: Extreme altitude travel has gained popularity globally for adventurous, scientific, and military endeavors. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) at extreme altitude is a rare, covert, and emergent condition requiring immediate intervention. Case Presentation: A case of CVST masqueraded as high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) at 6700 m/22000 ft i...

introduction: extreme altitude travel has gained popularity globally for adventurous, scientific, and military endeavors. cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (cvst) at extreme altitude is a rare, covert, and emergent condition requiring immediate intervention. case presentation: a case of cvst masqueraded as high altitude cerebral edema (hace) at 6700 m/22000 ft in karakoram himalayas. atypical ol...