This study examined the effects of climate change on food expenditure in rural household of Iran. Food expenditure is investigated as a function of average income of rural households, retail food price index and food expenditure for rural households, agricultural sown area and climate change. Here, the Stata11 software is used and data are from 26 provinces of the country for 10 years. Precipit...

This paper shows the macroeconomic and welfare implications of an aging population in the United States, using a heterogeneous-agent overlapping-generations model with uninsurable idiosyncratic working ability shocks and mortality shocks. The model uses three population projections in Social Security Administration (2003), and generates economies as equilibrium transition paths from 1961 to 220...

Wireless LAN is currently enjoying rapid deployment in University departments, business offices, hospitals and homes. It becomes an inexpensive technology and allows multiple numbers of the households to simultaneously access the internet while roaming about the house. In the present work , the design and development of a wireless LAN is highlighted which utilizes direct sequence spread spectru...

Within the non-stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model framework this paper examines the implications of alternative fiscal consolidation programs for small open economy. The calibrated model enables realistically quantify the impact of the deficit financing and fiscal consolidation on consumption and saving of households, investment of firms and thereby on the capital stock and real inter...

Abstract This study reviews the direct and indirect effects of higher energy and bread prices (due to removing their subsidies and paying their equivalent in cash instead). Therefore, all consumer goods were classified into 6 groups and a linear expenditure system was estimated based on households’ budget data of 2009 and 2011 for urban and rural areas separately. The results indicate that hi...

As China has experienced rapid economic growth, the study of household wealth distribution become a pressing issue. This paper uses data from 2012–2018 Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to examine impact demographic factors and urban–rural differences on distribution. The finds that China’s Gini coefficient increased significantly, with wealthier households accumulating at much faster rate than those...

OBJECTIVE To measure the effect of telephone-based reminder/recall on immunization and well-child care (WCC) visit rates among adolescents in urban practices. DESIGN Randomized clinical trial of telephone-based reminder/recall over 18 months. SETTING Four urban primary care practices. PARTICIPANTS Adolescents aged 11 to 14 years.Intervention Adolescents within practices were randomized to...

Memory for numbers improves with age and experience. One potential source of improvement is a logarithmic-to-linear shift in children's representations of magnitude. To test this, Kindergartners and second graders estimated the location of numbers on number lines and recalled numbers presented in vignettes (Study 1). Accuracy at number-line estimation predicted memory accuracy on a numerical re...

BACKGROUND In a participatory approach to health and development interventions, defining and measuring community mobilisation is important, but it is challenging to do this effectively, especially at scale. METHODS A cross-sectional, participatory monitoring tool was administered in 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 across a representative sample of 25 community-based groups (CBGs) formed under the Ava...