honey is an important product of honey bee that rich in carbohydrate. compounds of honey in each area are different due to weather conditions, type of plants, bee species and management methods. honey quality and effective factors on it can be determined by microbial and physicochemical tests in each area and the producers of fine honey will be supported. in this way, the research has been done...

Objective(s):Previous studies demonstrated a functional similarity between vertebrate and honey bee nervous systems. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of heroin and Iranian street Kerack, a combination of heroin and caffeine, on sensory threshold and locomotor activity in honey bees. Materials and Methods: All drugs were given orally to honey bees 30 min before each exper...

Apis mellifera L. includes several recognized subspecies that differ in their biological properties and agricultural characteristics. Distinguishing between honey bee subspecies is complicated. We analyzed the Folmer region of the COX1 gene in honey bee subspecies cultivated at bee farms in Russia and identified subspecies-specific SNPs. DNA analysis revealed two clearly distinct haplogroups in...

Social pollinators such as honey bees face attacks from predators not only at the nest, but also during foraging. Pollinating honey bees can therefore release alarm pheromones that deter conspecifics from visiting dangerous inflorescences. However, the effect of alarm pheromone and its chemical components upon bee avoidance of dangerous food sources remains unclear. We tested the responses of g...

Over a decade, declines in honey bee colonies have raised worldwide concerns. Several potentially contributing factors have been investigated, e.g. parasites, diseases, and pesticides. Neonicotinoid pesticides have received much attention due to their intensive use in crop protection, and their adverse effects on many levels of honey bee physiology led the European Union to ban these compounds....

@r~ose. The compound eye of the honey-bee, Apis mellifera (L.), possesses retinular cells maximally sensitive to UV, blue and green wavelengths. Behavioumlly, the honey-bee exhibits trichromatic colour vision when searching for food sources and hive location. We therefore set out to sequence the opsins present in the compound eye of the honey-bee and to relate the amino acid sequences to the ph...

@r~ose. The compound eye of the honey-bee, Apis mellifera (L.), possesses retinular cells maximally sensitive to UV, blue and green wavelengths. Behavioumlly, the honey-bee exhibits trichromatic colour vision when searching for food sources and hive location. We therefore set out to sequence the opsins present in the compound eye of the honey-bee and to relate the amino acid sequences to the ph...

Mounting evidence suggests that pollinators worldwide are experiencing dramatic population declines, and exposure to pesticides is one of the factors that can account for this. By making use of a database containing more than two decades of honey bee (Apis mellifera) hive poisoning incidents from the United Kingdom (Wildlife Incident Investigation Scheme [WIIS]) and corresponding pesticide use ...

In diverse pollinator communities, interspecific interactions may modify the behaviour and increase the pollination effectiveness of individual species. Because agricultural production reliant on pollination is growing, improving pollination effectiveness could increase crop yield without any increase in agricultural intensity or area. In California almond, a crop highly dependent on honey bee ...

We conducted a long-term investigation to ascertain effects on honey bee, Apis mellifera L., colonies during and after exposure to flowering canola, Brassica napus variety Hyola 420, grown from clothianidin-treated seed. Colonies were placed in the middle of 1-ha clothianidin seed-treated or control canola fields for 3 wk during bloom, and thereafter they were moved to a fall apiary. There were...