We demonstrate guiding of cold 85Rb atoms through a 100-micron-diameter hollow core dielectric waveguide using cylindrical hollow modes. We have transported atoms using blue-detuned light in the 1st order, azimuthally-polarized TE01 hollow mode, and the 2nd order hollow modes (HE31, EH11, and HE12), and compared these results with guidance in the red-detuned, fundamental HE11 mode. The blue-det...

Let M be a complete, finite-volume, orientable hyperbolic manifold having exactly one cusp. If we assume that π1(M) has no subgroup isomorphic to a genus-2 surface group, and that either (a) dimZp H1(M ;Zp) ≥ 5 for some prime p, or (b) dimZ2 H1(M ;Z2) ≥ 4, and the subspace of H(M ;Z2) spanned by the image of the cup product H (M ;Z2) × H(M ;Z2) → H(M ;Z2) has dimension at most 1, then volM > 5....

Let M be a complete, finite-volume, orientable hyperbolic manifold having exactly one cusp. If we assume that π1(M) has no subgroup isomorphic to a genus-2 surface group, and that either (a) dimZp H1(M ;Zp) ≥ 5 for some prime p, or (b) dimZ2 H1(M ;Z2) ≥ 4, and the subspace of H(M ;Z2) spanned by the image of the cup product H(M ;Z2) × H(M ;Z2) → H(M ;Z2) has dimension at most 1, then volM > 5.0...

Let M be a complete, finite-volume, orientable hyperbolic manifold having exactly one cusp. If we assume that π1(M) has no subgroup isomorphic to a genus-2 surface group, and that either (a) dimZp H1(M ;Zp) ≥ 5 for some prime p, or (b) dimZ2 H1(M ;Z2) ≥ 4, and the subspace of H(M ;Z2) spanned by the image of the cup product H (M ;Z2) × H(M ;Z2) → H(M ;Z2) has dimension at most 1, then volM > 5....

Polyvinylidene fluoride/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVDF/PVP) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated by dry-jet wet-spinning process. The correlated effects of the air gap length and PVP concentration ((1) the air gap length effect at the low and high PVP concentration in the dope solutions, as well as (2) the effect of the PVP concentration at the same air gap length) on the cross-section structure ...

We demonstrate compression of high-energy ultrashort laser pulses by nonlinear propagation inside gas-filled planar hollow waveguides. We adjust the input beam size along the nonguided dimension of the planar waveguide to restrain the intensity below photoionization, while the relatively long range guided propagation yields significant self-phase modulation and spectral broadening. We compare t...

Mass spectrometry is the enabling technology for proteomics. To fully realize the enormous potential of lab-on-a-chip in proteomics, a major advance in interfacing microfluidics with mass spectrometry is needed. Here, we report the first demonstration of monolithic integration of multinozzle electrospray emitters with a microfluidic channel via a novel silicon microfabrication process. These mi...

Hollow spherical particles of rutile were obtained by coating colloidal polystyrene beads with a titanium oxide hydrate layer and subsequently calcining at elevated temperatures under an oxygen atmosphere. In order to investigate the optimum conditions for the preparation of these hollow beads the maximum temperature and heating rate were systematically varied. The dimensions of the voids and t...

Polycrystalline iron phosphide coated iron oxide and hollow iron phosphide nanoparticles were synthesized by sonichemistry. Structure analysis indicated that the diameters of these nanoparticles were less than 14 nm, and the core–shell and hollow nanoparticles are Fe3O4–FeP and FeP, respectively. Magnetic measurement demonstrated that both the core–shell Fe3O4–FeP and hollow FeP nanoparticles e...

Hollow bioactive glass spheres with mesoporous shells were prepared by using dual soft templates, a diblock co-polymer poly(styrene-b-acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) and a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Hollow mesoporous bioactive glass (HMBG) spheres comprise the large hollow interior with vertical mesochannels in shell, which realize large uptake of drugs and their sustai...