Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avain paramyxovirus, has been assigned to the genus Avulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. It causes Newcastle disease (ND) that is a highly contagious and fatal viral disease affecting poultry and most species of birds. The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of NDV has multiple functions including mediating hemadsorption (HAD), neuraminidase (NA),...

In the assembly of paramyxoviruses, interactions between viral proteins are presumed to be specific. The focus of this study is to elucidate the protein-protein interactions during the final stage of viral assembly that result in the incorporation of the viral envelope proteins into virions. To this end, we examined the specificity of HN incorporation into progeny virions by transiently transfe...

Partitionable skew Room frames of type hn have played an important role in the constructions of 4-frames, (K4 − e)-frames and super-simple (4, 2)-frames. In this paper, we investigate the existence of partitionable skew Room frames of type hn. The necessary conditions for the existence of such a design are that h(n − 1) ≡ 0 (mod 4) and h 5. It is proved that these necessary conditions are also ...

The fluorescent antibody technique using both monoclonal and specific polyclonal virus antibodies was applied to investigate the nature of the inclusions seen in the abnormal osteoclasts associated with Paget's bone disease. The results show that antigens of measles virus, simian virus 5 (SV5) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PF3) could be detected in the osteoclasts but not in control bon...

Malignant tumors of head and neck carcinomas are the sixth most common type of cancer. Current systemic therapies for cancer show side effects in normal tissues and short-term efficacy due to drug resistance. Consequently, there is much interest in identifying new drugs for cancer treatment. Crocin (an active ingredient of saffron) has been shown to have cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. ...

Pathogenesis of the halo phenomenon in halo nevus (HN) is not completely understood. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is implicated in the causation of immune and inflammatory cutaneous disorders such as vitiligo. To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and the expression of TRAIL in HN, we analyzed clinicopathological data of 32 patients with HN...

The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) plays a crucial role in the process of infection. However, the exact contribution of the HN gene to NDV pathogenesis is not known. In this study, the role of the HN gene in NDV virulence was examined. By use of reverse genetics procedures, the HN genes of a virulent recombinant NDV strain, rBeaudette C (rBC), and an a...

The new compounds 2,2'-bipyridine-3,3',6,6'-tetracarboxylic acid (bptcH(4)) () and iron(II) [Fe(2)(bptcH(2))(2)(H(2)O)(4)].4.74H(2)O () and [Co(2)(bptcH(2))(2)(H(2)O)(4)].4.5H(2)O () have been prepared and characterized using (1)H NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic methods. X-Ray structures of these compounds have been determined. Acid crystallizes in the space group Aba2 and complexes and in P2(...

Hyponatremia is the most frequently encountered electrolyte abnormality in critically ill patients. Hyponatremia on admission has been identified as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). However, the incidence and etiology of hyponatremia (HN) during hospitalization in a neurointensive care unit following spontaneous intr...

We prove the Hölder continuity of the homogeneous gradient of the weak solutions u ∈ W 1,p loc of the p-Laplacian on the Heisenberg group Hn, for 1+ 1 √ 5 < p ≤ 2.