aim : the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) and shiga toxin producing e. coli (stec) strains in healthy broilers in iran.   background : stec and epec strains as diarrheagenic e. coli are among the most prevalent causative agents in acute diarrhea. domestic animals, mainly cattle and sheep, have been implicated as the principal r...

conclusions the results showed that e. coli isolated from patients with uti had eight virulence factors with high frequencies. moreover, these results alleged a direct connection between virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in e. coli. results the frequency of virulence factors papc, afa, sfa/foc, fimh, hly, neuc, ibea, and iucc were 53.3%, 51.7%, 53.3%, 56.7%, 23.3%, 31.7%, 20%, and ...

B Background The pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is able to cross the endothelial, placental and blood-brain barrier causing gastritis, meningitis, neonatal death and other diseases in humans. PrfA (Positive regulatory factor A) is the sole regulator of the virulence genes identified in Listeria monocytogenes till date. It regulates genes within the virulence gene cluster (vgc), whi...

propose a novel approach, which is tive matrix factorization (NMF), to ide expression data. One of NMF it can directly process these data tion. Firstly, we design an optimal F approach. Compared with the rithms, our algorithm is more stable ry fast. We have coded the final hly optimized C. Secondly; we of NMF in the extraction of the erns from genome wide expression e simulation experiments are...

versus �l�bal features,� res�ectively (R�mei et al. ‘Rhythmic TMS �ver �arietal c�rtex links �istinct brain frequencies t� �l�bal versus l�cal visual �r�cessin�’ Curr. Bi�l. 21,� 334–337). If true,� this inter�retati�n �f the c��in� architecture �f the visual brain is si�nificant. But I al�ays ��rry that future ex�eriments �ill ��int �ut a mistake in �ur inter�retati�n �f the brain measurements...

Detection of pathogens in contaminated food products by PCR can result in false-positive data due to the amplification of DNA from nonviable cells. A new method based on reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) amplification of mRNA for the specific detection of viable Listeria monocytogenes was developed. The expression of three L. monocytogenes genes, iap, hly, and prfA, was examined to determine a...

A differential PCR technique detected the transcriptional downregulation of the mss1 (mammalian suppressor of svg1) gene in murine J774A.1 macrophages following uptake of Salmonella typhimurium. This downregulation was also noted after entry of virulent strains of Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella flexneri, two other facultative intracellular bacterial species. In contrast, uptake of nonpatho...

Ten Holstein Friesian calves were divided into two groups of five: one group was given prebiotics in their food, while the other group served as the control group. Every two weeks from birth up to 18 months, samples of feces were taken from the rectal ampulla to determine the concentration of E. coli. At each sampling session, three aliquots per sample were collected. The arithmetic mean was ca...

Pathogen contamination of surface water is a health hazard in agricultural environments primarily due to the potential for contamination of crops. Furthermore, pathogen levels in surface water are often unreported or under reported due to difficulty with culture of the bacteria. The pathogens are often present, but require resuscitation, making quantification difficult. Frequently, this leads t...