background: over the last 10 years, the evidential practice has been developing in kazakhstan. the clinical protocols of diagnostics and treatment were implemented in the country since 2007. we analyzed the normal birth practice in kazakhstan. materials and methods: obstetricians and midwives were subject to the questionnaire survey in four large maternity hospitals of almaty. results: totally,...

BACKGROUND The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines and the World Health Organization (WHO) both recommend HIV testing in health-care settings. However, neither organization provides prescriptive details regarding how these recommendations should be adapted into clinical practice in an emergency department. METHODS We have implemented an HIV-testing program in the ED...

The World Health Organization advocates task-shifting, the process of delegating clinical care functions from more specialized to less specialized health workers, as a strategy to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. However, there is a dearth of literature describing task shifting in sub-Saharan Africa, where services for antiretroviral therapy (ART) have scaled up rapidly ...

The South Pacific countries of Vanuatu, Samoa, and Papua New Guinea have ascended rapidly up the development spectrum in recent years, refining an independent and post-colonial economic and political identity that enhances their recognition on the world stage. All three countries have overcome economic, political and public health challenges in order to stake their claim to sovereignty. In this...

The prevalence of HIV infection among TB patients in the TB/HAART-HAART Referral Centre of General Hospital Ugep, Yakurr Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria from 2009 to 2010 was studied. Samples of blood were collected from 738 TB patients in 2009 and 377 TB patients in 2010, and their HIV status determined. Viral antibody detection was carried out using World Health Organizati...

the united states president’s emergency plan for aids relief (pepfar) emphasizes health systems strengthening as a cornerstone of programmatic success. health systems strengthening, among other things, includes effective capacity building for clinical care, administrative management and public health practice. avante zambéziais a district-level in-service training program for administrative sta...

Rapid HIV testing enables HIV prevention and care services to expand to settings with limited laboratory infrastructure. The World Health Organization recommends that prior to their implementation, rapid HIV tests first be evaluated at a reference laboratory and then at points-of-service, and that measures to ensure quality of testing be in place. We describe the experience of 11 African countr...

In 2011, the World Health Organization Member States adopted a new global health sector strategy to implement initiatives to reduce HIV prevalence and AIDS-related deaths1. The United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) also targets to end AIDS as a public health threat by 20302. At the end of 2013, India had the third largest number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the world and acc...