Here we present a case report of three familial primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) patients from Malaysia. The three familial patients comprised two females and one male with a mean age of 26.3 years. The first diagnosis was made between 2005 and 2009, and all patients demonstrated deep vein thrombosis, high levels of IgM and IgG anticardiolipin antibodies, and received warfarin treatment...

Current US military recruit vaccination policy presumes that recruits have had a complete childhood immunization series. This assumption may not be appropriate for recruits from Micronesia, who may have had limited access to modern health care, including immunization programs. During 1988 and 1990, a cross-sectional serosurvey was conducted among 66 US military recruits, 56 from the Federated S...

Lentiviral vectors are promising gene delivery tools capable of transducing a variety of dividing and non-dividing cells, including pluripotent stem cells which are refractory for transduction by murine retroviruses. Although there is a growing debate on the safety of lentiviral vectors for gene transfer, in particular for those derived from human immunodeficiency viruses, type one (HIV-1) and ...

Background and Objectives: HIV infected patients are at risk for vaccine-preventable infections such as tetanus and diphtheria (Td). In these patients, these antibodies tend to decline faster. Due to the limited data, this study assessed the seroprevalence of tetanus and diphtheria antibodies in HIV infected patients in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried o...

Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease pertained to the human immune system. Given its crucial role in viral replication, HIV-1 protease (HIV-1 PR) is a prime therapeutic target in AIDS therapy. In this regard, the dynamic aspects of ligand-enzyme interactions may indicate an important role of conformational variability in HIV-1 PR in...

Background: Due to their similar routes of transmission, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection occurs considerably. HBV infection progresses more rapidly in HIV-infected patients. Therefore, HBV vaccination of all non-immune HIV infected patients is recommended. On the other hand, HIV-infected subjects have suboptimal responses to HBV vaccine. In this study...

HIV-related stigma and discrimination refers to prejudice, negative attitudes abuse directed at people living with HIV AIDS. In 35% of countries available data, over 50% report having discriminatory towards HIV. Stigma also make vulnerable Those most risk (key affected populations) continue face based on their actual or perceived health status, race, socioeconomic age, sex, sexual orientation g...

Background and Aims: Hepatitis A virus is a cause of acute viral hepatitis that infects millions people worldwide each year maintains its prominence in both adults childhood. The aim this study was to determine the seroprevalence different age groups Çorum which reference center for northern part central Anatolia make recommendations vaccine according groups. Materials Methods: This retrospecti...

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a condition caused by the Human Virus (HIV). HIV virus that attacks immune system and weakens body's ability to fight off infections diseases. Approximately 37.6 million people (about twice population of New York) worldwide are infected with human immunodeficiency (HIV) according data from Joint United Nations Program on HIV-AIDS.

Comparative study on toxoplasma serology among HIV positive and HIV negative illicit drug users in Ahvaz, Iran