BACKGROUND HIV continues to spread at high rates in sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, Swaziland is one of the countries most affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Monitoring of HIV infection in Swaziland is being made by periodical investigations on HIV prevalence in pregnant women. However, knowledge of proportion of recent HIV infections is important for epidemiologic purposes to assess HIV tra...

An expanding body of evidence challenges the conventional hypothesis that sexual transmission is responsible for more than 90% of adult HIV infections in Africa. Differences in epidemic trajectories across Africa do not correspond to differences in sexual behaviour. Studies among African couples find low rates of heterosexual transmission, as in developed countries. Many studies report HIV infe...

INTRODUCTION Since 2004, the authors have been operating First Call NYU, an outreach program to identify acute and recent HIV infections, also called primary HIV infections, among targeted at-risk communities in the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY First Call NYU employed mass media advertising campaigns, outreach to healthcare providers in NYC, and Internet-ba...

On November 18–19, 2021, the XIII Scientific and Practical Conference with national participation «HIV infection immunosuppression was held in St. Petersburg. Socially significant infections as a cause of medical social problems».

Introduction In humans, RNA viruses are responsible for a wide range of acute, chronic, emerging and re-emerging infections. Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) hepatitis C (HCV) rank as some the most important public health challenges affecting Africa. Methods We performed enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assays to confirm positive specimens, genomic characterization on two cohorts people living wi...

Cystoisospora belli is an intestinal Apicomplexan parasite associated with diarrheal illness and disseminated infections in humans, mainly immunocompromised individuals such as those living the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired syndrome (AIDS). An irregular administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) HIV patients may increase risk opportunistic like cystoisospori...

Abstract Consensus in the international community has grown over the past two years that HIV/AIDS poses a threat to development, security, and economic growth. A few studies over the last ten years have looked at the impact on workers and their employers. With momentum building to prevent new infections and treat those already afflicted, more information is needed to assess economic impact...

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is caused by production of platelet autoantibody. Then ITP can be various viral infections, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis C (HCV), cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, Zika virus and others [1].

OBJECTIVE To estimate the rate of acute and recent HIV infections and the prevalence of primary antiretroviral resistance. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS A consecutive sample of individuals presenting for HIV testing at the San Francisco municipal sexually transmitted diseased (STD) clinic in 2004 (n = 3789). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES HIV antibody-positive specimens were screened by BED IgG capt...

In relation to injecting drug use, many European and U.S. efforts to prevent new HIV infections focus on sexual and injecting risk behavior of persons who are not infected (both injectors and sexual partners of injectors). Behavioral changes among these HIVnegatives are given that knowledge and means are present dependent on a desire for self-protection against HIV infection. However, in order ...