Chromosomes undergo extensive structural rearrangements during the cell cycle, from the most open chromatin state required for DNA replication to the highest level of compaction and condensation essential for mitotic segregation of sister chromatids. It is now widely accepted that chromatin is a highly dynamic structure that participates in all DNA-related functions, including transcription, DN...

Imagine trying to stuff about 10,000 miles of spaghetti inside a basketball. Then, if that was not difficult enough, attempt to find a unique one inch segment of pasta from the middle of this mess, or try to duplicate, untangle and separate individual strings to opposite ends. This simple analogy illustrates some of the daunting tasks associated with the transcription, repair and replication of...

Proteins and nucleic acids of nuclei of liver and hepatoma in the rat \vere separated into three fractions: Fraction I, soluble in 0.05 Msodium citrate; Fraction II, extracted with 1 M NaCl; and Fraction III, the residual fraction. Histones, acid-insoluble pro teins, RNA, and DNA were found in each fraction. Specific activities of the protein and nucleic acid fractions of nuclei of liver and a ...

1. The histones of trout liver were examined and four main fractions (f1, f2b, f2a and f3) were isolated and characterized. 2. The amino acid analyses, N-terminal group analyses and starch-gel electrophoresis patterns are remarkably similar to the corresponding fractions of calf thymus. 3. The group f2a was also separated into two subfractions, f2al and f2a2, which are similar to those of calf ...

The histone extracted from calf thymus glands is a complex system of proteins, which can be fractionated by chromatography on carboxymethyl cellulose columns into three principal fractions (1) very lysine-rich, (2) moderately lysine-rich, (3) arginine-rich. When examined by starch gel chromatography each of these gives more than one band. Methods have been devised for further separation of the ...

During spermatogenesis in most animals, the basic proteins associated with DNA are continuously changing and somatic-typed histones are partly replaced by sperm-specific histones, which are then successively replaced by transition proteins and protamines. With the replacement of sperm nuclear basic proteins, nuclei progressively undergo chromatin condensation. The Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir...

BACKGROUND During the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), neutrophils play a central role in the pathogenesis, and their activation requires interaction with the endothelium. Extracellular histones have been recognized as pivotal inflammatory mediators. This study was to investigate the role of pulmonary endothelial activation during the extracellular histone-induced inflammatory respon...

The cGAS (GMP-AMP synthase)-mediated senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and DNA-induced autophagy (DNA autophagy) have been extensively investigated in recent years. However, cGAS-mediated has not elucidated cancer cells. described investigation revealed that active DNA but SASP activity could be detected the BT-549 breast cell line with high micronucleus (MN) formation. was ident...