Different types of uncertainties need to be addressed in a product design optimization process. In this paper, the uncertainties in both product design variables and environmental noise variables are considered. The reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is integrated with robust product design (RPD) to concurrently reduce the production cost and the long-term operation cost, including qu...

In this contribution, we will discuss a hierarchical procedure termed OptStrain aimed at guiding pathway modifications, through pathway additions and deletions, of microbial networks for the overproduction of targeted compounds. A comprehensive database of biotransformations, referred to as the Universal database (with over 5,700 reactions), is compiled and regularly updated by downloading and ...

Hierarchical Li4Ti5O12/TiO2 tubes composed of ultrathin nanoflakes have been successfully fabricated via the calcination of the hydrothermal product of a porous amorphous TiO2 precursor and lithium hydroxide monohydrate. The hierarchical tubes are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniqu...

42 HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES T series can often be naturally disaggregated using attributes such as product type. The total number of bicycles sold by a cycling warehouse, for example, can be disaggregated into a hierarchy of bicycle types. Such a warehouse will sell road bikes, mountain bikes, children’s bikes, and hybrids. Each of these can be disaggregated further into finer categories. Childr...

Time series can often be naturally disaggregated in a hierarchical structure using attributes such as product type. For example, the total number of bicycles sold by a cycling warehouse can be disaggregated into a hierarchy of bicycle types. Such a warehouse will sell road bikes, mountain bikes, children bikes or hybrids. Each of these can be disaggregated into finer categories. Children’s bike...

A variety of theories in psychology postulate that the causal variables combine according to a multiplicative rule to determine the value of the dependent variable. To test multiplicative combination rules empirically, applied researchers frequently use an observational method that involves the following procedure: (a) assessment techniques are used to measure the value of each theoretical cons...

In this paper a hierarchical multiscale simulation framework is outlined and experimental data injection into this framework is discussed. Specifcally, we discuss multiscale model-based design of experiments to optimize the chemical information content of a detailed reaction mechanism n order to improve the fidelity and accuracy of reaction models. Extension of this framework to product (cataly...

In biological networks of molecular interactions in a cell, network motifs that are biologically relevant are also functionally coherent, or form functional modules. These functionally coherent modules combine in a hierarchical manner into larger, less cohesive subsystems, thus revealing one of the essential design principles of system-level cellular organization and function-hierarchical modul...