BACKGROUND Managed competition was introduced into the health care system in several countries including the Netherlands, although effects of competition of both providers and health insurers on the price of health care are inconclusive. We investigated the association between competition of both providers (care groups) and health insurers and the price of disease management programmes (DMPs). ...

The objective of this study is to examine the portfolio theory that suggests that diversification can potentially reduce the return variance and the probability of failure of a portfolio. The current study is to investigate the diversification measure by means of Hershman-Herfindahl index, and applies the " diversification index " proposed by Demsetz & Strahan (1997) by scaling systematic risk ...

equitable distribution of health system resources has been a serious challenge for long ago among the health policy makers. conducted studies have mostly ever had emphasis on equality rather than equity. in this paper we have attempted to examine both equality and equity in resources distribution.this is an applied and descriptive study in which we plotted lorenz and concentration curves to des...

In light of the organizational dynamics services economic interest, regulation municipal solid waste management is a critical issue to deal with so as achieve sustainability goals in coming decades. The European circular economy targets limit share landfills maximum 10% by 2035. Consequently, waste-to-energy plants may temporarily become primary option for residual unsorted waste. chain compris...

Globalization of world economy has led to a rapid growth of container transportation as well as container ports. In China, Shanghai and Ningbo ports have experienced an explosive growth rate based on their strong economic hinterlands. The purpose of this paper is to adopt regional economic theory and methods to quantitatively analyze the spatial structure of the ports cluster and the competitiv...

Analysis of the role operator companies in rail freight market terms competition and multi-agency is carried out this article. It emphasizes importance choosing competitive strategies identifying dominance monopolization markets. The methods SWOT-analysis Porter's analysis are used to assess companies. In addition, Lind, Herfindahl-Hirschman concentration indices important indicators competitio...

The article is a continuation of research published by the author elsewhere (Śleszyński, 2020). elaboration presents regularity spatial distribution infections during first six months after detection SARS-CoV-2 coronovirus in Poland under strong lockdown conditions. main aim to try determine basic temporal-spatial patterns and answer questions: what extent phenomenon was ordered it chaotic, whe...

background: this study aimed to investigate dentists’ supply and practice patterns following the implementation of the global budget system in taiwan. materials and methods: data of reimbursement claims, municipal socioeconomic status and dental manpower were collected from the national health insurance administration, the ministry of internal affair, and the ministry of health and welfare, res...