The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to increase at an alarming rate around the world, with even more people being affected by prediabetes. Although the pathogenesis and long-term complications of type 2 diabetes are fairly well known, its treatment has remained challenging, with only half of the patients achieving the recommended hemoglobin A(1c) target. This narrative review explores t...

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of genetic susceptibility on evolution toward type 2 diabetes (T2D) by analyzing time trajectories of fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)), insulin sensitivity (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA2%S]), and β-cell secretion (HOMA2%B) in a large nondiabetic cohort. We also examined whether baseline HbA(1c) modified the effect of genetic predisposition on t...

The 2012 update of the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is intended to assist the practitioner caring for patients with diabetes and CKD. Substantial high-quality new evidence has emerged since the original 2007 KDOQI guideline that could significantly change recommendations for clinical practice. As suc...

Visceral fat (VF) excess has been associated with decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity and has been suggested to contribute to hepatic insulin resistance. However, the mechanisms by which VF impacts on hepatic glucose metabolism and the quantitative role of VF in glycemic control have not been investigated. In the present study 63 type 2 diabetic subjects (age, 55 +/- 1 yr; fasting plasma g...

For thousands of years, cinnamon has been used as a traditional treatment in China. However, there are no studies to date that investigate whether cinnamon supplements are able to aid in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Chinese subjects. We hypothesized cinnamon should be effective in improving blood glucose control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. To address this hypothesis, we per...

BACKGROUND There have been very few studies, with contradictory results, on the zinc status of children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine zinc status based on the serum zinc concentration in type-1 diabetic children and adolescents and compare it with that of healthy controls. METHODS Thirty children and adolescents wit...

BACKGROUND It is unclear whether models that include hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) levels only for diabetic patients improve the ability to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk compared with the currently recommended classification of diabetes as a cardiovascular risk equivalent. METHODS A total of 24 674 women (including 685 diabetic participants at baseline) and 11 280 men (including 563 ...

BACKGROUND The existence of an association between lung function and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been debated in cases involving non-obese subjects. To address this debate, we performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between lung function and MetS in both obese and non-obese populations. METHODS The present study consisted of a total of 1,951 Korean male subjects. In...

Because oxidative stress and inflammation are believed to play roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and mononuclear cells (MNCs) has been measured. A total of 529 subjects participated this study. Intracellular oxidative stress in PMNs and MNCs was measured by gated flow cytometry using carboxyfluorescin diacetate bis-acet...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the cardiovascular risk profile in subjects with prediabetes and new-onset type 2 diabetes identified by glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA(1c)) according to the new American Diabetes Association criteria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Arterial stiffness, intima-media thickness (IMT), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGEs), and oral glucose tolerance t...