Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) have recently provided fundamental new information about how the newborn brain processes innocuous and noxious somatosensory information. However, results derived independently from these two techniques are not entirely consistent, raising questions about the relationship between hemodynamic and electrophysiological responses in...

context despite advancements in the science of surgery, minimizing bleeding from parenchymal tissue of the liver continues to be one of the challenges surgeons are facing to protect patients’ lives. however, the number of surgeries needing incisions in the liver tissue, e.g. metastatectomy, is constantly increasing. conclusions the excessive blood loss and the long time needed to control the bl...

Neural activity is closely followed by a localised change in cerebral blood flow, a process termed neurovascular coupling. These hemodynamic changes form the basis of contrast in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and are used as a correlate for neural activity. Anesthesia is widely employed in animal fMRI and neurovascular studies, however anesthetics are known to profoundly affect n...

BACKGROUND Gene association studies detect an influence of natural variation in the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT) gene on multiple aspects of individuality in brain function, ranging from personality traits through to susceptibility to psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. The neural substrates of these associations are unknown. Human neuroimaging studies suggest modul...

The receptors mediating the hemodynamic responses to cannabinoids are not clearly defined due to the multifarious pharmacology of many commonly used cannabinoid ligands. While both CB1 and TRPV1 receptors are implicated, G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) may also mediate some of the hemodynamic effects of several atypical cannabinoid ligands. The present studies attempted to unravel the pha...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has become an established tool to investigate brain function and is, due to its portability and resistance to electromagnetic noise, an interesting modality for brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). BMIs have been successfully realized using the decoding of movement kinematics from intra-cortical recordings in monkey and human. Recently, it has been show...

BACKGROUND Head fixation can induce hemodynamic instability. Remifentanil is commonly used with propofol for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) during neurosurgery. This study investigated the 90% effective concentration (EC90) of remifentanil for blunting of cardiovascular responses to head fixation during neurosurgery via bispectral index (BIS) monitoring. METHODS Fifty patients undergoing...

Relative to normal tissues, tumor microcirculation exhibits high structural and functional heterogeneity leading to hypoxic regions and impairing treatment efficacy. Here, computational simulations of blood vessel structural adaptation are used to explore the hypothesis that abnormal adaptive responses to local hemodynamic and metabolic stimuli contribute to aberrant morphological and hemodynam...

the hemodynamic findings in detail. The hemodynamic responses of such patients to various drugs have been studied in a number of laboratories.4 8 Angiographic studies have portrayed certain anatomic features of this disorder,9' 10 but recently the existence of the chamber obstruction has been questioned."' Although the anatomic features and physiological responses of the left ventricle in hyper...

This report evaluated (a) the temporal stability of hemodynamic responses to three tasks using impedance cardiography, and (b) the influence of aging on stress responses in a multi-ethnic pediatric sample. One hundred children 8 to 10 years old and 49 adolescents 15 to 17 years old were tested at study entry and on average 3 years later. Results showed that the composite task-induced changes in...