The goal of hemodynamic monitoring and management during major surgery is to guarantee adequate organ perfusion, a major prerequisite for adequate tissue oxygenation and thus, end-organ function. Further, hemodynamic monitoring should serve to prevent, detect, and to effectively guide treatment of potentially life-threatening hemodynamic events, such as severe hypovolemia due to hemorrhage, or ...

INTRODUCTION In unsuccessful vessel recanalization, clinical outcome of acute stroke patients depends on early improvement of penumbral perfusion. So far, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) is the target hemodynamic parameter. However, the correlations of MAP to cardiac output (CO) and cerebral perfusion are volume state dependent. In severe subarachnoid hemorrhage, optimizing CO leads to a red...

Heart failure (HF) is a pressing health concern as the expense of hospitalization financially burdens the health care system. Hemodynamic monitoring has the potential to detect increases in intracardiac filling pressures weeks before clinical deterioration; hence, preliminary findings of volume overload with the use of these devices may prevent the progression of disease and lead to a reduction...

Hemodynamic monitoring and management has greatly improved during the past decade. Technologies have evolved from very invasive to non-invasive, and the philosophy has shifted from a static approach to a functional approach. However, despite these major changes, the critical care community still has potential to improve its ability to adopt the most modern standards of research methodology in o...

As discussed in Chapters 2.3 and Appendix D, patients with AKI and at increased risk for AKI require careful attention to be paid to their hemodynamic status. This is first because hypotension results in decreased renal perfusion and, if severe or sustained, may result in kidney injury. Second, the injured kidney loses autoregulation of blood flow, a mechanism that maintains relatively constant...

We aimed to investigate hemodynamic, microcirculatory and hemorheological consequence of infrarenal or suprarenal 10 aortic cross-clamping (IRAXC, SRAXC) in the rat. We hypothesized that the magnitude of the changes are different. Twenty-one 11 male rats were randomized into Control, IRAXC or SRAXC groups. Under anesthesia the right carotid artery was cannulated 12 for monitoring heart rate and...

Heart failure is a common, complex clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Hemodynamic parameter evaluation useful for early detection, outcome monitoring, timely treatment, the overall prognosis of heart patients. Therefore, continuous monitoring hemodynamic parameters helps in patients suspected failure. The change respect to contraction expansion heart. Hence, this research, two...

The relationship between joint inflammation and heart disease was first suggested by Bouillaud in 1836. In 1891, Charcot described endocarditis and pericarditis in ‘chronic rheumatism’, differentiating cardiac disease in rheumatic fever (rheumatic heart disease) from that in other forms of rheumatism (rheumatoid heart disease (RHD)). It is now clear that cardiac pathology is common in rheumatoi...

We present an evaluation of a novel technique for continuous (i.e., automatic) monitoring of relative cardiac output (CO) changes by long time interval analysis of a peripheral arterial blood pressure (ABP) waveform in humans. We specifically tested the mathematical analysis technique based on existing invasive and noninvasive hemodynamic data sets. With the former data set, we compared the app...