Primary chronic headaches of long duration include chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, new daily persistent headache, and hemicrania continua. This article reviews the utility of neuroimaging and other testing for diagnosis of these headaches. The presentation and diagnosis of the many secondary headaches that can mimic primary headache types are also discussed, including arteriove...

Post-traumatic headaches are one of the most common and controversial secondary headache types. After mild head injury, up to 50% of people develop a post concussion syndrome, which has been controversial for over 135 years. Headache is estimated as present in 30% to 90% of patients after mild head injury. Most headaches are of the tension type, although migraines can increase in frequency or o...

BACKGROUND Both clinical experience and clinical studies suggest a relationship between tinnitus and headache. Here, we aimed to investigate the influence of comorbid headache type and headache laterality on tinnitus characteristics. METHOD The Tinnitus Research Initiative database was screened for patients of the Tinnitus Center of the University Regensburg who reported comorbid headaches. T...

Primary headaches are common disorders among children and adolescents; tension type headaches (TTH) and migraine being the most frequent types. This paper reviews the literature and summarizes the knowledge regarding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that cause headaches, mainly TTH and migraine, discusses the diagnostic criteria for primary headaches, and the different moralities fo...

The records of 21 patients admitted to hospital from January 1985 to December 1988 for acute headache associated with cocaine intoxication were reviewed. Fifteen patients were identified who experienced headaches with migrainous features in the absence of neurological or systemic complications. None of them had a history of cocaine-unrelated headaches or a family history of migraine, and all ha...

Linear morphea en coup de sabre (ECDS) is a form of localized scleroderma that predominantly affects the pediatric population, with a median age of 10 years at presentation. The existence of neurologic findings in association with ECDS has been well described in the literature. Here we describe 4 patients with ECDS who presented with headaches, which were typical migraines in 3 of the patients....

OBJECTIVE Despite the high prevalence of headaches in youths, quality of life (QOL) has not been well examined. We examined QOL in a clinical sample of children with headaches and compared it with children with other chronic diseases. METHODS A survey study was conducted of 572 consecutive patients (mean age, 11.4 +/- 3.6 years) who presented with headaches to a children's headache center. Ch...

OBJECTIVE To determine the risk of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in children with headaches after minor blunt head trauma, particularly when the headaches occur without other findings suggestive of TBIs (ie, isolated headaches). METHODS This was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study of children 2 to 18 years with minor blunt head trauma (ie, Glasgow Coma Scale scores of ...

OBJECTIVES To report the prevalence and characteristics of headaches in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to describe most common treatment strategies after neurological evaluation. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study. The setting was a United States Veterans Healthcare Administration Polytrauma Network Site. The study participants consisted of 246 veterans wit...

Headaches are a common complaint among children, with increasing frequency in adolescence. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, more than 3 million Americans seek emergency care every year due to headaches, and one-third of them are attributable to migraines. Headaches have a significant impact on the lives of children and adolescents, resulting in school absence, decrea...