BACKGROUND Cancer is the second leading cause of death among U.S. children with few known risk factors. There is increasing interest in the role of air pollutants, including benzene and 1,3-butadiene, in the etiology of childhood cancers. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to assess whether census tracts with the highest benzene or 1,3-butadiene ambient air levels have increased childhood lymphohematopoi...

BACKGROUND In this study we compared cancer risks from organic hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) based on total personal exposure summed across different microenvironments and exposure pathways. METHODS We developed distributions of personal exposure concentrations using field monitoring and modeling data for inhalation and, where relevant, ingestion pathways. We calculated risks for a nonoccup...

Fired Utilities in the United States Elsie M. Sunderland,*,†,‡ Charles T. Driscoll, Jr.,* James K. Hammitt,‡ Philippe Grandjean,‡ John S. Evans,‡ Joel D. Blum, Celia Y. Chen, David C. Evers, Daniel A. Jaffe, Robert P. Mason, Shaun Goho, and Wendy Jacobs †Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States ‡Harvard...

As a huge threat to the public health, China's air pollution has attracted extensive attention and continues to grow in tandem with the economy. Although the real-time air quality report can be utilized to update our knowledge on air quality, questions about how pollutants evolve across time and how pollutants are spatially correlated still remain a puzzle. In view of this point, we adopt the P...

conclusions according to the results of this study, this increase could be due to higher fuel consumption, usage of gasoline in vehicles, oil industry, and steel and heavy industries in ahwaz. the risk of mortality and morbidity were detected at the current concentrations of air pollutants. results according to the findings, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in ahvaz had an annual average of ...

Program is a joint effort between government and industry to develop a new generation of coal utilimtion processes. In 1986, the Ohio Power Company, a subsidiary of the American Electric Power Service Corporation (AEP), was awarded cofunding through the CCT program for the Tidd Pressurized Fluidixed Bed Combustor (PFBC) Demonstration Plant located in Brilliant, Ohio. The Tidd PFBC unit began op...

A physical modeling approach for identification of source regions of primary and secondary air pollutants J. C. F. Lo, A. K. H. Lau, Z. B. Yuan, J. C. H. Fung, and F. Chen Atmospheric, Marine and Coastal Environment Program, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, P. R. China Environmental Central Facility, Institute for the Environment, The Hong Kong University of Scienc...

THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE LUNG 27S daily symptoms to daily levels of air pollutants, and 2) to act as a surveillance tool for acute respiratory illness (AR!). The ARIs were detected with the aid of the daily diaries and when a child was detected with an AR! he/she was called to the clinic for direct observation. If it was a true AR!, pulmonary function tests were conducted twice during the sympto...

Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) are compounds shown to cause cancer or other adverse health effects. We analyzed population-based childhood cancer incidence rates in California (USA) from 1988 to 1994, by HAP exposure scores, for all California census tracts. For each census tract, we calculated exposure scores by combining cancer potency factors with outdoor HAP concentrations modeled by the U...