The classification of waste is complex. Once detailed chemical composition, and in some cases speciation testing has been completed, the chemicals present are checked either as hazardous or persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, characterisation data can be used to support onward management wastes, including wastes. A process flowchart compiled using from twelve streams. Specifically, f...

The countries of Eastern and Central Europe have emerged from a political system which for decades has ignored protection of human health from hazardous wastes. While the economies of the countries in this region are stretched, awareness and concern about hazardous waste issues are a part of the new realities. At a recent conference sponsored in part by the National Institute of Environmental H...

A large amount of energetic materials including propellants, high explosives, pyrotechnics are subjected to disposal either due to expiry of their useful life or rejection in the manufacturing process. The environmental regulations do not allow the hazardous materials for open burning / detonation in view of the health hazard involved in these operations. The present paper describes the hazard ...

The capability to predict short-term maximum individual exposure is very important for several applications including, for example, deliberate/accidental release of hazardous substances, odour fluctuations or material flammability level exceedance. Recently, authors have proposed a simple approach relating maximum individual exposure to parameters such as the fluctuation intensity and the conce...

Child Labour has become a growing phenomenon across the world. Millions of children are working in hazardous and exploitative conditions harmful to their physical, mental and moral development. When we talk of health of child workers, most of the children work more than 12 hours, inhuman conditions which result in physical deformities and make them vulnerable to several infectious and other dis...