The present research was designed to study and compare the biochemical parameters in Labeo rohita due to exceptional nutritional value of this fish as a protein source in developing countries. The protein and heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Ni) activities were determined spectrophotometrically. The proximate analysis of L. rohita collected from different localities of Pakistan revealed that the protein (1...

Abstract Fisheries managers routinely use hatcheries to increase angling opportunity. Many operate as segregated programs where hatchery‐origin fish are not intended spawn with natural‐origin conspecifics in order prevent potential negative effects on the population. Currently available techniques monitor frequency which strays successfully wild rely either genetic differentiation between hatch...

Question: What are the physical and chemical effects of plant litter on annual grassland community composition, aboveground net primary production (ANPP), and density? Location: California annual grassland. Methods: We manipulated litter and light levels independently and in concert. Litter removal and litter addition treatments tested both the physical and chemical impacts of litter’s presence...

Releases of hatchery-reared anadromous salmon into the North Pacific Ocean are currently estimated between 5 and 6 billion juveniles per year. Wild spawning salmon may produce an additional 4 to 5 times this number of juveniles. With as many as 25 billion juvenile Pacific salmon annually entering the ocean and currently producing over 1. 0 million mt of returning adults, salmon survival and pro...

The population dynamics of fisheries stock enhancement, and its potential for generating benefits over and above those obtainable from optimal exploitation of wild stocks alone are poorly understood and highly controversial. I review pertinent knowledge of fish population biology, and extend the dynamic pool theory of fishing to stock enhancement by unpacking recruitment, incorporating regulati...

In commercial poultry husbandry practice, the hatchery takes over the incubation of bird eggs in order to provide as many day-old chicks as needed at any time to farmers. The main bottleneck for poultry industry development in Togo is the lack of day-old chick supply. Indeed, there is no proficient hatchery which can cover the needs of the farmers because of lack of information about hatchery m...

Artificial propagation strategies often incur selection in captivity that leads to traits that are maladaptive in the wild. For propagation programs focused on production rather than demographic contribution to wild populations, effects on wild populations can occur through unintentional escapement or the need to release individuals into natural environments for part of their life cycle. In thi...

The effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition on litter decomposition are poorly understood in Tibetan alpine meadows. Leaf litter was collected from plots within a factorial N × P addition experiment and allowed to decompose over 708 days in an unfertilized plot to determine the effects of N and/or P addition on litter decomposition. Results showed that nutrient addition significantl...

As the timing of spring productivity blooms in near-shore areas advances due to warming trends in global climate, the selection pressures on out-migrating salmon smolts are shifting. Species and stocks that leave natal streams earlier may be favoured over later-migrating fish. The low post-release survival of hatchery fish during recent years may be in part due to static release times that do n...

We studied the effects of tree species on leaf litter decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden experiment of 14 tree species (Abies alba, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica, Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus robur, Quercus rubra, and Tilia cordata) in southwestern Pola...