Food poverty is an important contributing factor to health inequalities in industrialised countries; it refers to the inability to acquire or eat an adequate quality or sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways (or the uncertainty of being able to do so). Synonymous with household food insecurity, the issue needs to be located within a social justice framework. Recognising the cle...

Circus [1] specifications combine both data and behavioural aspects of concurrent systems using a combination of CSP [3], Z [9], and Dijkstra’s command language. Its associated refinement theory and calculus [5] distinguishes itself from other such combinations. Using the Circus refinement calculus, we can correctly construct programs in a stepwise fashion [4]. Each step is justified by the app...

The research objective of the project and article “European Ecological Network Natura 2000 – opportunities and threats” Natura 2000 sites constitute a form of environmental protection, several legal problems are likely to result. Most controversially, certain sites will be subject to two regimes of protection: as national parks and as Natura 2000 sites. This dualism of the legal regulation make...

We outline elements of the Abstract Contract Calculator, a prototype language implemented in Haskell (a declarative programming language) in which we simulate agents executing abstract actions relative to deontic specifications. The deontic specifications are prohibition, permission, and obligation. The concepts of deontic specifications are derived from Standard Deontic Logic and Dynamic Deont...

This paper seeks to address special interpretive issues raised by the China Accession Protocol, focusing on provisions that prescribe more stringent rules for China than generally applicable WTO disciplines. These 'WTO-plus' provisions have already been involved in several WTO disputes. In the light of these disputes, the paper analyzes the interpretive challenge presented by the Protocol and s...