BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of smoking among Aboriginal youth, there is a paucity of research related to tobacco use and other risk behaviours among Aboriginal youth living off-reserve in Canada. We used data from the national Youth Smoking Survey to characterize non-traditional tobacco use, exposure to second-hand smoke, and alcohol and drug use among Aboriginal youth living off-res...

T cells mediate the inflammatory responses observed in asthma among genetically susceptible individuals and have been suspected to be prone to epigenetic regulation. However, these relationships are not well established from past clinical studies that have had limited capacity to control for the effects of variable genetic predisposition and early environmental exposures. Relying on a cohort of...

1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA 2 Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland 3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA *Corresponden...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the number of deaths attributable to second hand smoke (SHS), to distinguish attributable and potentially avoidable burdens of mortality, and to identify the most important sources of uncertainty in these estimates. METHOD A case study approach, using exposure and mortality data for New Zealand. RESULTS In New Zealand, deaths caused by past exposures to second hand sm...

BACKGROUND Prematurity is an issue related to increasing the neonatal morbidity and mortality and smoking pregnant women cause the risk of low birth weight and prematurity increase, compared to non-smoking ones. OBJECTIVES This study investigates second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure's effects over pregnant women on gestational age and birth weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this descriptive-anal...

Smoking-related illnesses and fatalities continue to be a significant public health issue because it is still the world’s biggest cause. The harmful effects of active smoking second hand smoke on are now well documented. Third-hand (THS) fourth-hand exposure, other hand, relatively new terms that have only recently been defined in context environmental health. composed pollutants accumulate ind...

Abstract Background With the increase of number smokers, tobacco exposure among pregnant women is becoming more and common. Pregnant exposed to first-hand smoke second-hand are susceptible physiological psychological health issues has been proved in previous studies. Nevertheless, there no enough studies focus on impact third-hand during pregnancy. This study aimed assess compare health-related...

Although a number of studies have assessed diVerences in personal and interpersonal factors between smokers and non-smokers (for example, age, smoking during previous pregnancies, partner smoking status), there has been little attention to the social context in which women make decisions about prenatal health behaviours. For pregnant women who are poor, undereducated, and facing housing or econ...