Soybeans grown in controlled environments are commonly taller than field-grown plants. In controlled environments, including liquid hydroponics, height of the dwarf cultivar "Hoyt" was reduced from 46 to 33 cm when plants were grown under metal halide lamps compared to high pressure sodium lamps at the same photosynthetic photon flux. Metal halide lamps reduced total biomass 14% but did not sig...

Some of the alternative silver halide materials that can be considered to replace the previous Agfa Holotest materials are discussed. The characteristics of Slavich and HRT materials are examined, including the special aspects of recording and processing ultrahigh-resolution silver halide materials. These materials can offer a significant improvement in product quality. The sensitivity is lower...

A mild and general method for the conversion of aryl, heteroaryl, and vinyl bromides into the corresponding iodides was developed utilizing a catalyst system comprising 5 mol % of CuI and 10 mol % of a 1,2- or 1,3-diamine ligand. A variety of polar functional groups are tolerated, and even N-H containing substrates such as sulfonamides, amides, and indoles are compatible with the reaction condi...

The appropriateness of a suitably modified Varshni-Shukla potential has been tested for a series of alkali halide crystals by determining the numerical values of the potential parameters involved, using Hildebrand's equation of state and thereby computing a few lattice properties. Comparison between the different sets of theoretical and experimental results infers that the present theoretical v...

A cytotoxic effect of human neutrophils on mammalian tumor cells is demonstrated. Cytotoxicity depends on the presence of intact neutrophils, phagocytosable particles, and a halide cofactor and is inhibited by azide, cyanide, and catalase. Neutrophils from patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO) deficiency or defective H1O2 production are not cytotoxic, but activity is resotred by addition of purif...

Carbazole-based receptors functionalized with two sulfonamide groups have been synthesized and their properties as anion receptors have been evaluated. The receptor with bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline groups has shown a very high affinity for halide ions, especially remarkable as only two hydrogen bonds are formed in the complexes. (1)H NMR and fluorescence titrations have been carried out and bin...

A short soak of protein crystals in cryosolution containing bromides or iodides leads to incorporation of these ions into the ordered solvent shell around the protein surface. The halide ions display significant anomalous signal, bromides in the vicinity of the absorption edge at 0.92 A, and iodides at longer wavelengths, e.g., provided by the copper sources. Bromides can, therefore, be used th...

A dense and homogenous flat wide-bandgap (1.75 eV) CH3NH3PbI2.1Br0.9 perovskite film was prepared via a facile halide exchange route. The planar-heterojunction solar cell shows an optimal power conversion efficiency of 12.67% with negligible current hysteresis due to the film's large grains and vertically oriented grain boundaries.

The optimization of the silver halide-sensitized gelatin process is analyzed by considering the bleaching action, the influences of the developer, and the hardening modulation process.

Catalytic cross-coupling of aryl Grignard reagents with primary and secondary alkyl halides bearing beta-hydrogens is achieved using Fe(III) amine-bis(phenolate) halide complexes.