Rapid and precise detection of influenza viruses in a point of care setting is critical for applying appropriate countermeasures. Current methods such as nucleic acid or antibody based techniques are expensive or suffer from low sensitivity, respectively. We have developed an assay that uses glucose test strips and a handheld potentiostat to detect the influenza virus with high specificity. Inf...

Recently, there has been an increase in The Netherlands in the number of cases of invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib). To study a possible change in the Hib population that could explain the rise in incidence, a multiple-locus variable number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) was developed to genotype H. influenzae isolates. The MLVA enabled the differentiation of H....

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Influenza is an important cause of acute respiratory illness among military recruits, and pneumonia is the most frequent complication. This study was performed to categorize the clinical manifestations of influenza infections among military recruits. METHODS In this retrospective chart review, epidemiologic investigation of patients who met the definitions of acute resp...

BACKGROUND Meningitis is a serious infection. Little is known about the bacterial agents and their antibacterial sensitivity in Nepalese children. OBJECTIVES To study bacteriological agents, clinical profile and immediate outcome in patients admitted to children ward of Patan Hospital with meningitis. METHODS Prospective observational study conducted in paediatric ward of Patan Hospital. Al...

To investigate the etiology of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia and bronchitis, we conducted a prospective, population-based study covering the total population < 15 years of age in 16 municipalities in Hokkaido, Japan, during the period of April 2000 to March 2001. Chest radiographs were available for all cases (n = 921; 398 as pneumonia and 523 as bronchitis) and paired sera for serolog...

background the annual hajj pilgrimage to mecca brings over two million people together in a small confined area. respiratory involvement is the most common disease during this ceremony, and up to now no unique cause has been identified. the present study was conducted to determine the incidence and types of respiratory diseases and their associated etiologic agents. materials and methods during...

The synergistic effect of Hemophilus influenzae suis and swine influenza virus in the pig can be reproduced by the inoculation of these agents on the chorioallantoic membrane of 9 to 10 day old chick embryos. Two strains of human influenza virus that were studied failed to substitute for the swine virus in the synergistic reaction. No loss of synergistic effect was noted when the swine influenz...

Either living or heat-killed H. influenzae suis vaccines, given intramuscularly to swine, elicit an immune response capable of modifying the course of a later swine influenza infection. The protection afforded is only partial and is in no way comparable to the complete immunity afforded by swine influenza virus vaccines.