We propose two new axioms of demand responsiveness for additive cost sharing with variable demands. Group Monotonicity requires that if a group of agents increase their demands, not all of them pay less. Solidarity says that if agent i demands more, j should not pay more if k pays less. Both axioms are compatible in the partial responsibility theory postulating Strong Ranking, i.e., the ranking...

population growth as well as development of industry and agriculture has increased the demand and competition over water resources in large watersheds especially in zayandeh rud basin and severely affected on agriculture and environment sectors. hence, providing a best scenario for the allocation of water in this basin is essential. in this study, due to alternating periods of wet, drought and ...

The purpose of this study was to measure the impact on students’ conceptual understanding of mechanics by adding ranking tasks into the modeling curriculum. In the past, the investigators noticed that students’ successful completion of physics courses taught with the modeling method did not always increase students’ conceptual understanding of the content or their mathematical problem solving s...

P2P systems are envisioned to play a greater role in collaborative applications. P2P environments remove the challenging task of using servers for information sharing. Emerging collaborative P2P systems require discovery and utilization of multi-attribute, distributed and dynamic group of resources to achieve greater tasks beyond conventional file and processor cycle sharing. The process of sel...

BACKGROUND Recently, the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) group recommended that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) be assigned according to stage and composite relative risk on the basis of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria criteria. The aim of this post-hoc analysis was to investigate the effects of add-on therapy with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on...

The timing of reproductive maturation in females has been linked to differences in dominance status and exposure to males, but less information is available regarding the effect of dominance rank and exposure to females on the pace of reproductive maturation in males. A two-year study of a cohort of nine male rhesus macaques was undertaken to document potential social factors influencing variat...

We describe a system for automatically ranking documents by degree of militancy, designed as a tool both for finding militant websites and prioritizing the data found. We compare three ranking systems, one employing a small hand-selected vocabulary based on group membership markers used by insiders to identify members and member properties (us) and outsiders and threats (them), one with a much ...