in this paper the concepts of fuzzifying β − irresolute functions and fuzzifying β − compactspaces are characterized in terms of fuzzifying β − open sets and some of their properties are discussed.

There are obvious economic predictors of ability and willingness to invest in environmental sustainability. Yet, given that environmental decisions represent trade-offs between present sacrifices and uncertain future benefits, psychological factors may also play a role in country-level environmental behavior. Gott's principle suggests that citizens may use perceptions of their country's age to ...

The Asian financial crisis quickly led to marked contractions in gross domestic product (GDP) and employment in the affected economies. GDP shrinkages in 1998 ranged from nearly 14 percent in Indonesia to 0.5 percent in the Philippines. In turn, these have resulted in adverse social consequences. Although there are signs that the worst of the financial crisis is over and the crisis economies ar...

A unidirectional flow of a rarefied gas between two parallel plates driven by a uniform external force is investigated on the basis of kinetic theory with special interest in the behavior in the near continuum regime. The Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) model of the Boltzmann equation and the diffuse reflection boundary condition are employed as the basic system. First, a systematic asymptotic anal...

The algal blooming in the inland lakes has become a critically important issue for its impacts not only on local natural and social environments, but also on global human community. However, the occurrences of blooming on larger spatial scale and longer time scale have rarely been studied. As the third largest freshwater lake in China, Lake Taihu has drawn increasing attention from both public ...

We propose an experiment that would demonstrate the dc and ac Josephson effects in two weakly linked Bose-Einstein condensates. We consider a time-dependent barrier, moving adiabatically across the trapping potential. The phase dynamics are governed by a "driven-pendulum" equation, as in current-driven superconducting Josephson junctions. At a critical velocity of the barrier (proportional to t...

In November 2004 California passed Proposition 63, a landmark piece of mental health and fiscal legislation. This initiative places a 1 percent tax on adjusted gross income over dollar 1 million, affecting about 30,000 taxpayers and raising dollar 1.8 billion (a 31 percent increase) in new revenues over the first three years to support county-operated mental health systems. Our analysis suggest...