This paper proposes a high frequency ring oscillator with low power consumption. The proposed ring oscillator is based on Gated Ring Oscillator (GRO) by applying boot strap technique. Simulation results indicate that the FoM (Power Consumption /Oscillation Frequency) of the proposed ring oscillator is greater than that of the conventional ring oscillator. Figure 1 shows delay element using boot...

The sterile insect technique (SIT) is widely used in integrated programs against tephritid fruit fly pests, particularly the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Unfortunately, the mass-rearing procedures inherent to the SIT often lead to a reduction in the mating ability of the released males. One potential solution involves the prerelease exposure of...

A transient X-ray source, GRO J1008[57, was discovered by the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on board the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) in 1993 July. It reached a maximum intensity of about 1.4 times that of the Crab, in the 20È60 keV energy band. Pulsations in the X-ray intensity were detected at a period of 93.5 s. It has subsequently been determined to be a member of th...

Bechara C, Wang X, Chai H, Lin PH, Yao Q, Chen C. Growthrelated oncogeneinduces endothelial dysfunction through oxidative stress and downregulation of eNOS in porcine coronary arteries. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293: H3088–H3095, 2007. First published September 14, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00473.2007.—Growth-related oncogene(GRO) is a member of the CXC chemokine family, which is involve...

An early response to cigarette smoke is an influx of leukocytes into the lung. Alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells may contribute by releasing chemokines in response to cigarette smoke and neutrophil elastase (NE). Human ATII cells were purified from normal regions of lungs resected for carcinoma (n = 14). In vitro, these cells exhibited ATII cell characteristics: lamellar bodies, apical m...

We tabulate the luminosities of the soft-to-hard state transitions of all X-ray binaries for which there exist good X-ray flux measurements at the time of the transition, good distance estimates, and good mass estimates for the compact star. We show that the state transition luminosities are at about 1-4% of the Eddington rate, markedly smaller than those typically quoted in the literature, wit...

GRO J2058+42, a transient 198 second x-ray pulsar, was discovered by the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO), during a “giant” outburst in 1995 September-October. The total flux peaked at about 300 mCrab (20-50 keV) as measured by Earth occultation. The pulse period decreased from 198 s to 196 s during the 46-day outburst. The pulse shape ev...

The effects of antibiotic, probiotic, and prebiotic as dietary feed additives on carcass composition as well as Salmonella counts and its serotypes in droppings and intestine of broiler chickens on days 1, 28, and 56 of experiment were investigated. Dietary treatments were control diet (basal diet without additives), OXYT diet (basal diet with 600 ppm of the antibiotic oxytetracycline), GRO-UP ...