Microbial desalination cell (MDC) is one of the cost and energy effective methods that can help people in countries with low income rural areas without infrastructure, get access to desalinated water while treating their wastewater. Despite advantages technology, less known about behavior internal resistance MDCs. Therefore, this study mainly focused on MDC from external point view. The rate sa...

Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising membrane technology to combine seawater desalination and water reuse. More specifically, in a FO-reverse osmosis (RO) hybrid process, high quality water recovered from the wastewater stream is used to dilute seawater before RO treatment. As such, lower desalination energy needs and/or water augmentation can be obtained while delivering safe water for direct p...

Introduction: Reverse osmosis (RO) is best known for its use in desalination (removing the salt from seawater to get fresh water), but since the early 1970s it has also been used to purify fresh water for medical, industrial, and domestic applications. The aim of this research was the performance study of reverse osmosis plants for water desalination in Bandar-Lengeh, Iran. Materials and Meth...

The occurrence and intensity of harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been increasing globally during the past few decades. The impact of these events on seawater desalination facilities has become an important topic in recent years due to enhanced societal interest and reliance on this technology for augmenting world water supplies. A variety of harmful bloom-forming species of microalgae occur in ...

operating parameters and membrane characteristics strongly affect the performance of electrodialysis reversal systems. the most impactful factors are applied voltage, flow rate, temperature, initial feed composition, and ion exchange membrane characteristics; the ph of the feed also has an effect, although to a lesser extent. to determine more precisely how all of these factors impact performan...

were " enduring one form or another of water scarcity ". In spite of water manufacturing capacity doubling between now and 2016, up to half the world's population will still be suffering shortage by the middle of the century, according to the GWI. The cost of desalination is falling as a result of technological development, increasing the demand, and the cost of reusing water from sewage can be...

• A new hybrid humidification–dehumidification and air conditioning system is proposed and investigated. • The proposed system keeps the function of the air conditioning system and uses it in water desalination. • The effects of system operating parameters on system performance were evaluated and correlated. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o An experimental study of the performance of a hyb...

The ‘surplus’ of oceanic water generated by climate change offers an unprecedented opportunity to tackle a number of global issues through a very pragmatic process: shifting the excess water from the oceans onto the land. Here we propose that sea-level rise could be mitigated through the desalination of very large amounts of seawater in massive desalination plants. To efficiently mitigate sea-l...

Powering desalination by waste heat is often proposed to mitigate energy consumption and environmental impact; however, thorough technology comparisons are lacking in the literature. This work numerically models the efficiency of six representative desalination technologies powered by waste heat at 50, 70, 90, and 120 ◦C, where applicable. Entropy generation and Second Law efficiency analysis a...

This review provides a global overview of microporous silica based membranes for desalination via pervaporation with a focus on membrane synthesis and processing, transport mechanisms and current state of the art membrane performance. Most importantly, the recent development and novel concepts for improving the hydro-stability and separating performance of silica membranes for desalination are ...