Background and Purpose: Previous studies of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) have found that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit gray matter alterations, but these findings are inconsistent and have not been quantitatively reviewed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of VBM studies of patients with T2DM. Materials and Methods: The seed-ba...

BACKGROUND The view that schizophrenia is a brain disease particularly involving decrements in gray matter is supported by findings from many imaging studies. However, it is unknown whether the (progressive) loss of tissue affects the brain globally or whether tissue loss is more prominent in some areas than in others. METHODS Magnetic resonance whole brain images were acquired from 159 patie...

Despite increasing evidence of the role of the prefrontal cortex in providing the neural substrate of higher cognitive function and neurodevelopment, little is known about neuroanatomic changes in prefrontal subregions during human development. In this prospective study, we evaluated prefrontal gray and white matter volume in healthy infants, children, adolescents, and adults. Magnetic resonanc...

The absence of olfactory input causes structural brain remodelling in humans. Mainly, the olfactory bulb and cortical olfactory areas are involved in this process. The aim of our study was to investigate volume changes of the gray and white matter in a group of subjects with an impaired but not complete loss of olfaction (hyposmia). Magnetic resonance images of hyposmic subjects and an age- and...

OBJECTIVES To assess in vivo the volume and the magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detectable damage of the cervical cord gray matter in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and to evaluate whether such damage correlates with disability. DESIGN Cervical cord conventional and magnetization transfer MRI scans were acquired from 18 patients with RRMS (...

CONTEXT We previously detected a dynamic wave of gray matter loss in childhood-onset schizophrenia that started in parietal association cortices and proceeded frontally to envelop dorsolateral prefrontal and temporal cortices, including superior temporal gyri. OBJECTIVE To map gray matter loss rates across the medial hemispheric surface, including the cingulate and medial frontal cortex, in t...

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are a frequent and distressing phenomenon in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Cross-sectional research links these symptoms to reduced brain gray matter volumes in parts of the prefrontal and temporal lobe as well as subcortical structures like the hippocampus, nucleus caudatus and globus pallidus. Nevertheless, prospective relationships between regional gray ...

The role of the brain in chronic pain conditions remains speculative. We compared brain morphology of 26 chronic back pain (CBP) patients to matched control subjects, using magnetic resonance imaging brain scan data and automated analysis techniques. CBP patients were divided into neuropathic, exhibiting pain because of sciatic nerve damage, and non-neuropathic groups. Pain-related characterist...

This is the first systematic study of Chinese children's brain development. Using optimized voxel-based morphometry, we investigated age-related changes in gray and white matter in Chinese children and adolescents aged 7 to 23 years. Results showed mostly linear reductions, but also some linear increases, in gray matter in many regions of the brain. Gray matter changes were more evident in the ...