background and aims. mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide are considered the gold standard pulp-capping materials. recently, portland cement has been introduced with properties similar to those of mineral trioxide aggregate. histopathological effects of direct pulp capping using mineral trioxide aggregate and portland cements on dog dental pulp tissue were evaluated in the present s...

This paper creates a simple Gray code for fixed-density binary necklaces and Lyndon words. The Gray code is simultaneously a left-shift Gray code and a 2-transposition Gray code and is cyclic with these properties. It also has the advantage of using canonical representations (lexicographically minimum rotations) yielding the first known Gray code for Lyndon words ordered by density. This work s...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gray matter may be affected by multiple sclerosis (MS), a white matter disease. Magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) is a sensitive and quantitative marker for structural abnormalities, and has been used frequently in the imaging of MS. In this study, we evaluated the amount of MTR of gray matter among patients with relapsing-remitting MS and healthy control subjects as wel...

To determine the relationship between age and gray matter structure and how interactions between gender and hemisphere impact this relationship, we examined correlations between global or regional gray matter volume and age, including interactions of gender and hemisphere, using a general linear model with voxel-based and region-of-interest analyses. Brain magnetic resonance images were collect...

B The multilevel maps 4 B.1 Color maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 B.2 Stroke map (SM) and gray stroke map (GSM) . . . . . . . . . 5 B.3 Stroke gray map (SGM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 B.4 Stroke gray level (SGL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 B.5 Background gray level (BGL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 B.6 Estimated backg...

This paper proposes a new method for reduction of the number of gray-levels in an image. The proposed approach achieves gray-level reduction using both the image gray-levels and additional local spatial features. Both gray-level and local feature values feed a self-organized neural network classifier. After training, the neurons of the output competition layer of the SOFM define the gray-level ...

Ursus Linnaeus, 1758:47. Type species Ursus arctos Linnaeus. Melursus Meyer, 1793:155. Type species Bradypus ursinus Shaw. Arceus Goldfuss, 1809:301. Type species Arceus niger Goldfuss. Prochilus Illiger, 1811:109. Type species Bradypus ursinus Shaw. Chondrorhynchus Fisher, 1814:142. Type species unspecified. Evidently a sloth bear from India. Helarctos Horsfield, 1826:221. Type species Helarct...

introduction: the materials used for root-end filling and perforation repair are in direct contact with live tissues e.g. bone and connective tissue; their effects however, are uncertain. the aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the osteoblastic secretory activity adjacent to gray and white mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) and intermediate restorative material (irm). materials & methods: t...

OBJECTIVE Gray matter loss in the limbic structures was found in recent onset post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients. In the present study, we measured regional gray matter volume in trauma survivors to verify the hypothesis that stress may cause different regional gray matter loss in trauma survivors with and without recent onset PTSD. METHOD High resolution T1-weighted magnetic reso...

The Anyi tile-like gray chicken is a Chinese indigenous breed with a gray dilution phenotype, having gray feathers, comb, skin, shanks, and beak, which is valuable for genetic research on pigmentation. However, the genetic basis of the gray dilution phenotype remains unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic basis of the gray dilution phenotype in the Anyi tile-like gr...