Vermifilter is a greywater waste treatment by utilizing the symbiosis of earthworms with microbes. more efficient, simple in design, and easy to maintain. The purpose this study was determine effect vermibed material on concentration BOD5, NH3-N, DO using vermifilter. used four vermifilter reactors (VF) filtration media for gravel, coconut fiber, rough sand, vermibed. Reactor VF1 uses mixture m...

Abstract The study aimed to eliminate the nitrogen and its main residual forms from municipal wastewater by using a biofilter system adapted for small community. biological nitrification/denitrification used involved two successive polyvinyl chloride (PVC) columns; first gravel column (C1) loaded with primary followed second sandy (C2). A complex biofilm development on sand materials has been c...

Sediment-maintenance flushing flows designed to mimic the action of natural floods in removing the accumulated fine sediments from the channel and loosening the gravel bed have been increasingly proposed as an effective alternative in dam management and a required component of riverine restoration programmes. However, reservoir releases are generally associated with financial and environmental ...

An experiment with different filter beds and macrophytes was carried out to study their phytoremediation capacity on the efficiency of domestic wastewater treatment through constructed wetland (CW) from November March 2017-18 at University Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad campus, Karnataka. Twenty combinations involving five types (FB-1: gravel, FB-2: gravel-sand-gravel, FB-3: gavel-sand-brick-gr...

A diverse flora has been discovered in a dark clay lens in upland gravel in southern Maryland near Brandywine. More than 49 taxa have been identified in the assemblage, which includes leaves, seeds, fruits, pollen, and a Taxodium (bald cypress) trunk. The vegetation is dominated by deciduous trees and vines. Four taxa are now absent from North America but survive elsewhere; one is extinct. A la...

The study was aimed to evaluate the selected improvements of nature restoration in a depleted gravel pit. The study site consisted of four water reservoirs of different shapes and sizes, flooded after the gravel extraction ended. Ecological succession monitoring, conducted by the Warsaw University of Life Sciences students associated in the Student Scientific Association of Animal Sciences Facu...

We report gravel of the River Euphrates, capped by basalt that is Ar-Ar dated to ∼9 Ma, at Shireen in northern Syria. This gravel, preserved by the erosion-resistant basalt, allows us for the first time to reconstruct the history of this major river during the Late Miocene. In response to progressive regional surface uplift, the Euphrates extended SE by ∼800 km between the early Middle Miocene,...

Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salad redds were exanuned in t.he upperSusqueherma River during November of 1992 and 1993 at Cooperstown, W{, In 1993, ten redds were composed of 10% boulder, 12% cobble, 52% pebble, 18% gravel and 8% sand. Five redds in 1992 had a composition of 42% cobble, 36% gravel and 10% sand. Fish were sampled with a fine rnesh drift net to provide ages, lengths, weights and sex. A...

The western United States contains three thin but remarkably widespread alluvial conglomeratic units that record episodes of large-scale tilting across the U.S. Cordilleran orogen in post-Paleozoic time. These units are: (1) the Shinarump Conglomerate of Late Triassic age exposed in northern Arizona and adjacent parts of Utah, Nevada, and New Mexico; (2) Lower Cretaceous gravel deposits that ov...