Gram-positive bacteria are an important public health problem, but it is unclear how they cause systemic inflammation in sepsis. Our previous work showed that peptidoglycan (PGN) induced proinflammatory cytokines in human cells by binding to an unknown extracellular receptor, followed by phagocytosis leading to the generation of NOD ligands. In this study, we used flow cytometry to identify hos...

Original Article Sepsis SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome), Bacteraemia Polymicrobial bacteraemia. Aims: The aim of this study was to identify clinical, laboratory and microbiologic features that may be predictive of mortality in sepsis and help achieve an early stratification to identify those at high risk of death in adult patients. Methods: A total of 298 adult patients with clin...

Abstract Background This study demonstrates the experience of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) a tertiary referral center in Egypt management prematures with sepsis. retrospective included preterm neonates admitted to NICU clinical and/or laboratory diagnosis Blood culture was done followed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing for positive cases. Neonates sepsis were classified into early...

BACKGROUND Neonatal septicaemia diagnosis based on clinical features alone is non-specific leading to the initiation of unnecessary antibiotic treatment posing a danger of increased antibiotic resistance. In the present study the utility of serial qualitative C-reactive protein (CRP) assay and white blood cells count (WBC) in the diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia was investigated using blood cu...

UNLABELLED Despite development of combustiology, infections continue to be the most important cause of death among patients with burns. Sepsis is the most severe clinical presentation of infection in patients after thermal injuries who require immediate treatment. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of sepsis are important in the clinical management that is often hampered for multiple reasons,...

In the previous issue of Critical Care, Tang and colleagues offer a very novel systematic review of 12 studies of gene expression in blood of human sepsis. The review concludes that there is no discernable transition from a pro- to an anti-inflammatory expression phenotype in blood in human sepsis. The authors found that upregulation of pathogen recognition receptors and signal transduction pat...

BACKGROUND Bloodstream infections in neonates and infants are life-threatening emergencies. Identification of the common bacteria causing such infections and their susceptibility patterns will provide necessary information for timely intervention. This study is aimed at determining the susceptibilities of bacterial etiological agents to commonly-used antimicrobial agents for empirical treatment...

The first isolation of Catabacter hongkongensis in Italy is reported. Pleomorphic Gram-positive rods were grown in blood cultures from samples obtained from a 55-year-old patient admitted to the intensive care unit with sepsis after he experienced massive thoracic and abdominal trauma. The identification was obtained by amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

Rothia aeria, a gram-positive coccoid- to rod-shaped bacterium with irregular morphology, is an extremely rare causative organism of infections in humans. We report the first case of R. aeria sepsis clinically manifested in a female neonate soon after birth.