We applied surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to cationic gold-labeled endothelial cells to derive SERS-enhanced spectra of the bimolecular makeup of the plasma membrane. A two-step protocol with cationic charged gold nanoparticles followed by silver-intensification to generate silver nanoparticles on the cell surface was employed. This protocol of post-labelling silver-intensification ...

The L(p, q)-Edge-Labelling problem is the edge variant of well-known q)-Labelling problem. It equivalent to itself if we restrict input latter line graphs. So far, complexity was only partially classified in literature. We complete this study for all $$p,q\ge 0$$ by showing that whenever $$(p,q)\ne (0,0)$$ , NP-complete. do proving except $$p=q=0$$ there an integer k so L (p q)-Edge-k -Labelling

Mammalian sperm acrosomes contain a trypsin-like protease called acrosin which causes limited and specific hydrolysis of the extracellular matrix of the mammalian egg, the zona pellucida. Acrosin was localized on hamster, guinea-pig and human sperm using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to human acrosin labelled with colloidal gold. This was visualized directly with transmission electron mi...

Bandwidth labelling is a well known research area in graph theory. We provide a new proof that the bandwidth of Mobius ladder is 4, if it is not a $K_{4}$, and investigate the bandwidth of a wider class of Mobius graphs of even strips.

A gracious labelling g of a tree is a graceful labelling in which, treating the tree as a bipartite graph, the label of any edge (d,u) (d a ‘down’ and u an ‘up’ vertex) is g(u) – g(d). A gracious k-labelling is one such that each residue class modulo k has the ‘correct’ numbers of vertex and edge labels that is, the numbers that arise by interpreting the labels of a gracious labelling modulo k....

We model the edit distance as a function in a labelling space. A labelling space is an Euclidean space where coordinates are the edit costs. Through this model, we define a class of cost. A class of cost is a region in the labelling space that all the edit costs have the same optimal labelling. Moreover, we characterise the distance value through the labelling space. This new point of view of t...