Gliadin was reacted with citric acid under weak acidic and weak alkaline conditions in both wet and dry states and the reaction mechanism was studied. The low morphological stability in an aqueous environment and inferior mechanical properties have restricted the applications of plant proteins, although these materials possess a unique structure, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Carboxyli...

We previously noted a region of amino acid sequence homology between A-gliadin, a major alpha-gliadin component known to activate coeliac disease, and the early region E1b protein of human adenovirus serotype 12 (Ad12), an adenovirus isolated from the human intestinal tract. In the present study sera from coeliac disease patients from the United Kingdom and the United States were assayed for ne...

Following sequestration into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), wheat storage proteins are naturally either retained and packaged into protein bodies within this organelle or exported to the Golgi apparatus. To identify protein domains that control the sorting of wheat storage proteins within the ER, a wild-type gamma-gliadin storage protein as well as two of its deletion mutants, each bearing eit...

Six wheat cultivars were grown at Rothamsted (UK) with three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (100, 200 and 350 kg N/ha) in 2009 and 2010. Gene expression in developing caryopses at 21 days post-anthesis (DPA) was profiled using the Affymetrix Wheat GeneChip. Four of 105 transcripts which were significantly upregulated by nitrogen level were annotated as γ-3 hordein and the identification of corre...

Intestinal secretion rates of albumin, hyaluronan, and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-micro) were determined under basal conditions and after gliadin challenge of coeliac patients and healthy controls by the use of a jejunal perfusion technique. A new tube system was used where a jejunal segment is isolated between balloons and then perfused with a balanced salt solution. Under basal conditions t...

OBJECTIVE To identify, purify, and characterize the proteins responsible for glutenase activity in the feces of healthy subjects and patients with celiac disease (CD). METHODS Sixteen subjects were included in this study; 8 were healthy with no known food intolerances, and 8 were treated CD patients on a gluten-free diet. Fecal samples were homogenized, and precipitated proteins were purified...

Background: Tight junctions are found in epithelial cells and function as selective gatekeepers to regulate absorption. PT-gliadin is the gluten protein segment that is known to impair the functioning of tight junctions. This study aimed to examine the effects of a lignite extract dietary supplement (RESTORE) on tight junction function in small intestine (IEC-6) and colon (Caco-2) epithelial ce...

OBJECTIVE To report neurologic phenotypes and their etiologies determined among 68 patients with either (1) celiac disease (CD) or (2) no CD, but gliadin antibody positivity (2002-2012). METHODS Neurologic patients included both those with the CD-prerequisite major histocompatibility complex class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2/DQ8 haplotype, and those without. The 3 groups were as foll...

BACKGROUND On ingestion of gliadin, the major protein component of wheat and other cereals, the celiac intestine is characterized by the proliferation of crypt enterocytes with an inversion of the differentiation/proliferation program. Gliadins and A-gliadin peptide P31-43, in particular, act as growth factors for crypt enterocytes in patients with celiac disease (CD). The effects of gliadin on...