The gingiva surrounds each tooth and comprises the free gingival(gingival margin), attached gingiva and gingival sulcus. The attached gingiva is firmly attached to the underlying periosteum of the alveolar bone. It is continuous with the alveolar (or oral) mucosa and is demarcated from it by the muco-gingival junction. The free (or marginal) gingiva is that found coronal (ie towards the crown) ...

Mucogingival surgery involving gingival reconstruction has become an integral part of current periodontal practice. Gingival recession, either localized or generalized, may beassociated with one or more surfaces, resulting in attachment loss and root exposure, which can lead to clinical and fuctional problems such as poor esthetic, poor plaque control and root hypersensitivity etc. Miller’s Cla...

excessive gingival display can affect the total esthetics of a smile, becoming the focus instead of the frame of the smile. This can be the result of passive eruption of the gingival complex as the teeth erupt.1,2 the condition of delayed or altered passive eruption exists when the gingival complex remains positioned coronal to the cementoenamel junction with the attachment on the enamel instea...

Objective: Kaempferol is a natural flavonol found in many dietary fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. It reportedly has multiple beneficial properties as analyzed in vivo and in vitro. The objective of this study was to determine cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing characteristics of kaempferol in cultured human gingival fibroblasts. Materials & Methods: To determine cytot...

Gingival fibromatosis is a rare and heterogeneous group of disorders that develop as slowly progressive, local or diffuse enlargements within marginal and attached gingiva or interdental papilla. In severe cases, the excess tissue may cover the crowns of the teeth, thus causing functional, esthetic, and periodontal problems, such as bone loss and bleeding, due to the presence of pseudopockets a...

In this paper the terms necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and necrotizing periodontitis (NP) will be used in preference to the customary terms necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) which in our opinion are inappropriate because in NG, ulceration is not a primary feature, but is secondary to necrosis of the gingival margins; and in NP, the necrotizing d...

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting almost half of the adult US population. Gingiva is an integral part of the periodontium and has recently been identified as a source of adult gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Given the prevalence of periodontitis, the purpose of this study is to evaluate differences between GMSCs derived from healthy and diseased gingival ...