background: the global prevalence of diabetes mellitus is on rise. diabetes-induced oxidative stress has been known to affect liver, pancreas, kidney and reproductive organs pathologically. honey is a natural product of bee with antioxidant properties. objective: current study aimed to analyze the protective effects of metformin (mf) alone and mf+ natural honey co-administration on diabetes-ind...

The research on the expression and mutations of DAZ and its homologues in human and other mammals suggests that protein products of these genes can mainly affect development of germinal cells. The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression of the DAZ gene in seminiferous tubules of six men with spermatogenic disorders (hypospermatogenesis and spermatogenic arrest). The results based...

We sought to establish a new in vitro ovulation model using the whole ovaries of the medaka. Ovaries of the fish, which had been acclimated to the usual reproductive conditions (26 degrees C, 14 h light/10 h dark) and which had then been kept at least one day at 30 degrees C, were isolated 2 h before the expected in vivo ovulation time. When the ovaries were cultured in 90% medium 199 solution ...

Abnormal overexpression of CXCL13 is observed in many inflamed tissues and in particular in autoimmune diseases. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disease mainly mediated by anti-acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies. Thymic hyperplasia characterized by ectopic germinal centers (GCs) is a common feature in MG and is correlated with high levels of anti-AChR antibodies. We previously show...

objective(s) in recent years concerns have been raised regarding the incidence of male reproductive disorders from exposure to endocrine disruptors. so, chronic effects of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate were studied on histological and stereological structure of testis in adult wistar rats. materials and methods thirty two adult wistar rats were randomly divided in four equal experiment groups; oil ...

introduction: busulfan as a chemotherapeutic agent causes testicular germinal epithelium depletion and cytotoxicity in germ cells. the aim of this study was to assess antioxidant status, reactive oxygen species (ros) generation and apoptosis-related genetic markers of adult male mouse sperm following busulfan treatment. materials and methods: forty adult nmri mice (30 ± 5 g) were divided into t...

methyl tertiary-butyl ether (mtbe) is used to reduce carbon monoxide and ozone in urban air and to boost fuel octane. there is a lack of knowledge in the literature about the histomorphometric changes of the testis following exposure to mtbe. therefore, this experimental study was performed to determine the effect of oral exposure to mtbe on histologic and histomorphometric changes of testis in...

Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates secondary antibody diversification in germinal center B cells, giving rise to higher affinity antibodies through somatic hypermutation (SHM) or to isotype-switched antibodies through class switch recombination (CSR). SHM and CSR are triggered by AID-mediated deamination of cytosines in immunoglobulin genes. Importantly, AID activity in B cells is not...

BACKGROUND Some adult stem cells persist in adult tissue; however, we do not know how to stimulate stem cells in adults to heal injuries. Liver growth factor (LGF) is a biliprotein with hepatic mitogen activity. Its concentration increases markedly in the presence of any type of liver injury, and it shows in vivo therapeutic biological activity at extrahepatic sites. METHODS We have analyzed ...