Numerous studies have examined the association between the surrounding neighborhood environment and physical activity levels in adolescents. Many of these studies use a road network buffer or Euclidean distance buffer around an adolescent's home to represent the appropriate geographic area for study (i.e., neighborhood). However, little empirical research has examined the appropriate buffer siz...

Abstract Introduction Sleep health impacts the community in many ways. Regional sleep may reflect other important indicators of and well-being. Few studies have examined at regional level, though. Methods Data on neighborhood values were obtained from “500 Cities” data collected by CDC that includes census tract proportion population region report associated with health, as assessed Behavioral ...

BACKGROUND Many studies have examined differences in hypertension across race/ethnic groups but few have evaluated differences within groups. METHODS We investigated within-group geographic variations in hypertension prevalence among 3,322 black and white participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Place of birth and place of residence were included in multivariate Poiss...

BACKGROUND Low-income African American adults are disproportionately affected by obesity and are also least likely to engage in recommended levels of physical activity (Flegal et al. JAMA 303(3):235-41, 2010; Tucker et al. Am J Prev Med 40(4):454-61, 2011). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is an important factor for weight management and control, as well as for reducing disease ris...

BACKGROUND Hospitalizations with community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection have increased in New York City, with substantial geographic variation across neighborhoods. While individual-level risk factors, such as age, sex, HIV infection, and diabetes have been described, the role of neighborhood-level factors (e.g., neighborhood HIV prevalence or incom...

sustainable transportation with the aim of urban sustainable development aims to improve the environmental quality and the socio-economic condition. one of the most important strategies for achieving sustainable transportation is planning and designing for walking, or in other words increasing urban walkability. therefore, increased walkability has become a key issue in urban planning. understa...

BACKGROUND Successful treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is an important objective in the United States' strategy for tuberculosis (TB) control. We review the impact of demographic variables and community treatment upon completion of medical therapy of LTBI in a large pediatric cohort. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from children r...

Spatial colocation pattern mining is to discover the subsets of spatial objects frequently appearing together in adjacent geographic locations. In existing research, several algorithms were proposed for excavating maximal prevalent patterns. Furthermore, fuzzy neighborhood relationship(FNR) was employed evaluate proximity between instances improving accuracy results. However, approach discoveri...

Spatial and temporal aberration detection methods for disease outbreaks in syndromic surveillance systems Dongmei Chen a , John Cunningham b , Kieran Moore c & Jie Tian d a Department of Geography, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada b Leeds, Grenville & Lanark District Health Unit, ON, Canada c Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada d Department of Geology & G...