The epidemiology of infectious diseases has traditionally relied on observed patterns of occurrence to infer transmission. In the case of a disease with a variable incubation period, such as tuberculosis (TB), a series of overlapping micro-epidemics can appear as a relatively steady notification rate at the population level. Recently, genetic fingerprinting has been used in epidemiologic studie...

Modified Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol for DNA isolation was developed from leaf tissuesof Phyllanthus emblica for obtaining high quality genomic DNA. Fresh leaves of three different maturitywere analyzed for yield and quality of DNA. Acidity was determined in three different maturity of leaves viz.tender, intermediate and mature and their influence on DNA qua...

Lineage 7 of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has recently been identified among strains originating from Ethiopia. Using different DNA typing techniques, this study provides additional information on the genetic heterogeneity of five lineage 7 strains collected in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It also confirms the phylogenetic positioning of these strains between the ancient lineage 1 a...

T he polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid procedure for in vitro enzymatic amplification of a specific segment of DNA. Like molecular cloning, PCR has spawned a multitude of experiments that were previously impossible. The number of applications of PCR seems infinite—and is still growing. They include direct cloning from genomic DNA or cDNA, in vitro mutagenesis and engineering of DNA, ge...

Efficient method for isolation of high quality genomic DNA is the first step in the development of DNA based markers for fingerprinting and genetic diversity of crops. We have described a simple and user friendly protocol for extraction of DNA from dried sugarcane leaf samples, which dose not require any use of liquid nitrogen, making it advantageous over other common protocols. The DNA obtaine...

Code construction for digital fingerprinting, which is a copyright protection technique for multimedia, is considered. Digital fingerprinting should deter collusion attacks, where several fingerprinted copies of the same content are mixed to disturb their fingerprints. In this paper, we consider the averaging attack, which is known to be effective for multimedia fingerprinting with the spread s...

Genetic variations within and between local populations of Hokkaido brown bears, Ursus arctos yesoensis, were quantified by means of DNA fingerprinting using a minisatellite DNA probe. The estimates of the average heterozygosity (gene diversity) H were 0.302 and 0.241 for the populations on the southwestern part of the Oshima peninsula and the Shiretoko peninsula, respectively. These values sug...

Under the application occasion of using data base as the soft products publication, there should be corresponding safety system, which could abstain the privacy actions from the betray users. A privacy tracing and solution resolution is raised in this thesis based on the digital fingerprinting relationship data base. Data fingerprinting database, which combined by patent watermarking and user’s...