Genetic variance, phenotypic variance, and the genetic covariance matrix (G) can change as a result of genetic drift. These changes will persist over time to some extent and will continue if population size remains relatively small. Nine populations founded by a single pair of Drosophila melanogaster were measured for a series of six morphological characteristics for a large number of parent-of...

AIMS To examine the genetic overlap between borderline personality features (BPF) and substance use disorders (SUDs) and the extent to which variation in personality traits contributes to this covariance. DESIGN Genetic structural equation modelling was used to partition the variance in and covariance between personality traits, BPF and SUDs into additive genetic, shared and individual-specif...

Blood pressure elevation is frequently associated with elevated cholesterol, triglyceride or low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) or low high density lipoprotein (HDL-C). The relative importance of genetic and environmental factors in these associations is unclear. We examined the relative contribution of genetic and environmental influences to the association between blood pressure and serum lipids...

This study was carried out to obtain the estimates of genetic variance and covariance components related to intra- and interpopulation in the original populations (C0) and in the third cycle (C3) of reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) which allows breeders to define the best breeding strategy. For that purpose, the half-sib progenies of intrapopulation (P11 and P22) and interpopulation (P12 an...

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is highly variable and heritable among laboratory strains of mice. Adult neurogenesis is also remarkably plastic and can be modulated by environment and activity. Here, we provide a systematic quantitative analysis of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in two large genetic reference panels of recombinant inbred strains (BXD and AXB/BXA, n = 52 strains). We combined da...

In classical mechanics, Galilean covariance and the principle of relativity are completely equivalent and hold for all possible dynamical processes. In contrast, in relativistic physics the situation is much more complex. It will be shown that Lorentz covariance and the principle of relativity are not completely equivalent. The reason is that the principle of relativity actually only holds for ...

Martin and Eaves (1977) developed a method for the analysis of genotypic and environmental covariance structure based on the work of J6reskog (1973). Their method is a general approach to the analysis of covariance structure which allows simultaneous testing of hypotheses about the sources and structure of covariation. The method provides maximumlikelihood estimates of genetical and environment...

Estimates of covariance functions and genetic parameters were obtained for growth of Angus cattle from birth to 820 days of age. Data comprised 84,533 records on 20,731 animals in 43 herds, with a high proportion of animals with 4 or more weights recorded. Changes in weights were modelled through random regression on orthogonal polynomials of age at recording. A total of 11 combinations of quad...

Metamorphosis is common in animals, yet the genetic associations between life cycle stages are poorly understood. Given the radical changes that occur at metamorphosis, selection may differ before and after metamorphosis, and the extent that genetic associations between pre- and post-metamorphic traits constrain evolutionary change is a subject of considerable interest. In some instances, metam...

in this study records of 15723, 12108 and 5236 zel sheep for birth weight (bw), weaning weight (ww) and 6-month weight (6mw) traits were used. data has been collected by the jahad-e-keshavarzi organization of province of mazandaran during 1994-2009. the heritability of direct and maternal of growth traits was estimated using the univariate analysis with restricted maximum likelihood (reml). in ...