abstract. from the perspectives of many environmental and conservative policy makers, improving and diversifying the livelihoods have been found as a mechanism to promote the livelihoods and persuade people to avoid the overexploitation and degradation of natural resources. due to the fragility of the environment and inconsistency of incomes, the alternative income sources may be promised to wa...

An algorithm due to Bengalloun that continuously enumerates the primes is adapted to give the rst prime number sieve that is simultaneously sublinear, additive, and smoothly incremental: { it employs only (n= log log n) additions of numbers of size O(n) to enumerate the primes up to n, equalling the performance of the fastest known algorithms for xed n; { the transition from n to n + 1 takes on...

Poor households worldwide rely on savings groups (SGs) to satisfy their financial needs, yet very little is known about these groups’ ability to meet them. In this paper we develop a theoretical model illustrating the basic trade-offs in the functioning of SGs, and present stylized facts derived from the financial accounts of a sample of Ugandan SGs. The main conclusion from the theoretical mod...

The Nemours ModelTalker supports voice banking for users diagnosed with ALS/MND and related neurodegenerative diseases. Users record up to 1600 sentences from which a synthetic voice is constructed. For the past two years we have focused on extending and refining a web-based recording tool to support this process. In this demonstration, we illustrate the features of the web-based pipeline that ...

Microfinance is a type of banking service that is provided to unemployed or low-income individuals or groups who would otherwise have no other means of gaining financial services. Micro finance through Self Help Group (SHG) has been recognized internationally as the modern tool to combat poverty and for rural development. Micro finance and SHGs are effective in reducing poverty, empowering wome...

Events in the building industry in Nigeria in the last decade show the important role the private sector played in housingfinance. With the advent of the public-private partnership concept in almost every sector of the socio-economic spheresof the nation, the role of the private sector in housing finance cannot be over-emphasized. This paper clearly states thatthe low-income public servants do ...

BACKGROUND Although the initiation of injection drug use has been well characterized among at-risk youth, factors that support or impede cessation of injection drug use have received less attention. We sought to identify socioeconomic factors associated with cessation of injection drug use among street-involved youth. METHODS From September 2005 to May 2015, data were collected from the At-Ri...

we find an explicit expression of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-fan. we also find a formula of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel in terms of the tutte polynomial of $n$-fans. finally, we give an alternative expression of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel and then prove the explicit formula for the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel.

Introduction Generating country-level political commitment will be critical to driving forward action throughout the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016-2025). In this review of the empirical nutrition policy literature, we ask: what factors generate, sustain and constrain political commitment for nutrition, how and under what circumstances? Our aim is to inform strategic 'commit...

A prime number sieve is an algorithm that nds the primes up to a bound n. We present four new prime number sieves. Each of these sieves gives new space complexity bounds for certain ranges of running times. In particular, we give a linear time sieve that uses only O(p n=(log log n) 2) bits of space, an O l (n= log log n) time sieve that uses O(n=((log n) l log log n)) bits of space, where l > 1...