When swallowed, anthrax spores may cause lesions from the oral cavity to the cecum. Gastrointestinal anthrax is greatly underreported in rural disease-endemic areas of the world. The apparent paucity of this form of anthrax reflects the lack of facilities able to make the diagnosis in these areas. The spectrum of disease, ranging from subclinical infection to death, has not been fully recognize...

The clinical and pathological features of 3 cases of colonic malakoplakia are documented thereby bringing to 34 the total of recorded cases of malakoplakia involving the gastrointestinal tract. This is therefore the most common site of involvement outside the urogenital tract. A comprehensive review of the world literature on gastrointestinal malakoplakia has been made and the characteristic fe...

Although most ingested foreign bodies usually pass through the gastrointestinal tract asymptomatically, toothpick injury to the gastrointestinal tract is often associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Toothpick perforation of the gastrointestinal tract is frequently reported but, to the best of our knowledge, bacteremia caused by an impacted toothpick within the gastric mucosa has n...

My aim in this review is to use the rat as a model system for a discussion of the functional development of the gastrointestinal tract. I should make it clear at the outset that since the rat is an altricial species, many of the enzymic changes that occur postnatally in the rat occur prenatally in other mammals, including humans (Grand et al. 1976; Lebenthal et al. 1983). Nevertheless, I believ...

The endocannabinoid system mainly consists of endogenously produced cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) and two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2). This system also includes enzymes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of endocannabinoids and molecules required for the uptake and transport of endocannabinoids. In addition, endocannabinoid-relat...

The objective of this section is to discuss major gastrointestinal disorders in the horse. Some of the disorders causing malabsorption will not be discussed in this section as they are covered in the “chronic weight loss” portion of this course. Most, if not all, references have been removed from the notes for the sake of brevity. I am more than happy to provide additional references for those ...

Gastrointestinal neoplasia seems to be a common consequence of chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal epithelium. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) is an important transcription factor for carcinogenesis in chronic inflammatory diseases and plays a key role in promoting inflammation-associated carcinoma in the gastrointestinal tract. Activation of NF-kB is regulated by several posttranslation...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The small intestine is a potential origin of bleeding in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage or iron-deficiency anemia. Most reports on the investigation of these patients describe the use of upper tract enteroscopy. The diagnostic yield of combined upper and lower enteroscopy has not been widely assessed and remains to be clarified. The aim of ...

We read with interest the article by Cruz et al regarding “Gastrointestinal Tract Reconstruction in Adults With Ultra-Short-Bowel Syndrome: Surgical and Nutritional Outcomes” published Surgery. 1 Jr., R.J. McGurgan J. Butera L. al. Gastrointestinal tract reconstruction adult ultra-short bowel syndrome: surgical nutritional outcomes. 2020; 168: 297-304 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (4) Go...