In humans the sural nerve was stimulated at one of 16 phases of the step cycle. In MG (medial gastrocnemius) the amplitude of the P2 responses (latency 80-93 ms) was on average 1.3 times larger than the corresponding background activity while this was 0.9 for LG (lateral gastrocnemius; predominantly suppressive responses). It is speculated that such differences contribute to an exorotation mome...

This paper investigates the activity of the gastrocnemius (Gas) muscle in healthy subjects during salat (ruku’ position) and specific exercise [Unilateral Plantar Flexion Exercise (UPFE)] using electromyography (EMG). Both lateral and medial Gas muscles were assessed. A group of undergraduates aged between 19 to 25 years voluntarily participated in this study. The myoelectric activity of the mu...

Antioxidant nutrients have demonstrated potential in protecting against exercise-induced oxidative stress. alpha-Lipoic acid (LA) is a proglutathione dietary supplement that is known to strengthen the antioxidant network. We studied the effect of intragastric LA supplementation (150 mg/kg, 8 wk) on tissue LA levels, glutathione metabolism, and lipid peroxidation in rats at rest and after exhaus...

[Purpose] Strength-duration (SD) curves are used in electrical diagnosis by physiotherapists to confirm muscle degeneration. However, the usefulness of SD curves in comparing muscle degeneration in DJ-1 homozygous knockout (DJ-1(-/-)) and wild-type mice (DJ-1(+/+)) is not yet fully understood. The electrical properties of the gastrocnemius muscles of DJ-1(-/-) and DJ-1(+/+) mice were compared i...

Variations among the posterior compartment muscles of the thigh are uncommon. In 1998, Somayaji et al [1] reported a muscle which originated from the semimembranosus and biceps femoris muscles and then inserted in to the superficial surface of the tendo calcaneous. According to Barry and Bothroyd [2] extra slips of origin associated with gastrocnemius and soleus usually join those muscles or th...

The Achilles tendon (AT) consists of distinct fascicle bundles arising from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles that intertwine and twist before inserting onto the calcaneus [1]. Current musculoskeletal models simplify this architecture by representing the gastrocnemius and soleus as independent muscle-tendon actuators [2], which may be an appropriate assumption if the fascicles freely slide r...

We immobilised the right hindlimbs of six-month-old female Wistar rats for four weeks using a biplanar external fixation bridging the knee. The untreated left limbs served as a control group. An additional group of rats was allowed to recover for four weeks after removal of the frame. Immobilisation caused reduction in the wet weights of approximately 50% in the gastrocnemius, quadriceps, soleu...

Spasm or contracture of gastrocnemius causes an equinus deformity of the ankle in both cerebral palsy and hemiplegia. Its release is therefore required in the treatment of those patients who do not respond to conservative measures. The Vulpius procedure is a simple and effective method for the release of gastrocnemius and is particularly indicated when long periods of immobilisation of the foot...

The purpose of this study was to assess the topic use Sebastiania hispida extract and low-level gallium-arsenide laser irradiation (GaAs, 904 nm) reduce local myonecrosis edema Bothrops moojeni snake venom-injected gastrocnemius. Wistar rats receiving intramuscular venom injection (VBm) were compared with saline control (S) envenomed exposure plant (VExt) or (VL). phytochemistry thin-layer chro...

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