Homeostasis of blood volume (BV) is attained through a functional interaction between the cardiovascular and renal systems. The gastrointestinal tract also adjusts its permeability and motor behavior after acute BV imbalances. We evaluated the effect of progressive nephron loss on gut motility. Male Wistar rats were subjected or not (sham) to 5/6 partial nephrectomy (PNX) in two steps (0 and 7t...

Principle of 13C-octanoic Acid Breath Test The rationale of 13C-octanoic acid breath test (13C-OBT) to measure gastric emptying of solids is based on (1) the firm retention of 13C-octanoic acid in the solid phase of a standard test meal during its passage through the gastric environment, followed by (2) a rapid disintegration of the solid phase in the duodenum with (3) subsequent absorption of ...

BACKGROUND In pathological situations, such as acute myocardial infarction, disorders of motility of the proximal gut can trigger symptoms like nausea and vomiting. Acute myocardial infarction delays gastric emptying (GE) of liquid in rats. OBJECTIVE Investigate the involvement of the vagus nerve, α 1-adrenoceptors, central nervous system GABAB receptors and also participation of paraventricu...

Gastrointestinal motility disturbances during endotoxemia are probably caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced factors: candidates include nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1ss, and interleukin-6. Flow cytometry was used to determine the effects of LPS and these factors on gastric emptying (evaluated indirectly by determining percent gastric retention; %...

Corresponding Author: Atsuya Hikosaka, MD Department of Urology, Toyota Kosei Hospital, 500-1, Ibobara, Josui-cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0396, Japan Tel: +81 565 43 5000 Fax: +81 565 43 5100 E-mail: uropatho@ybb.ne.jp INTRODUCTION Spermatocele, a retention cyst of the scrotum which is or has been in communication with the semen-carrying system,(1) is a relatively common clinical entity. It presents...

The effects of a fraction (T1) of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom prepared by gel filtration on gastric emptying and small intestinal transit were investigated in male Wistar rats. Fasted animals were anesthetized with urethane, submitted to tracheal intubation and right jugular vein cannulation. Scorpion toxin (250 microg/kg) or saline was injected iv and 1 h later a bolus of saline (1.0 ml/1...

Objectives To investigate mortality in men admitted to hospital with acute urinary retention and to report on the effects of comorbidity on mortality. Design Analysis of the hospital episode statistics database linked to themortality database of the Office for National Statistics. Setting NHS hospital trusts in England, 1998-2005. Participants All men aged over 45 who were admitted to NHS hospi...