Background: In Iran scince 1992, hepatitis B vaccination was a part of the national vaccination program. Hepatitis B vaccination is effective in the epidemiology of hepatitis B. The aim ofthis study was to evaluate the long – term persistence of immunity. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on children and adolescents aged between 6-18 years in Birjand, who recei...

Shortly after adopting a 6-week-old cat, a veterinarian was bitten on the left index finger. Within 3 weeks, he developed headache, fever, and left axillary lymphadenopathy. Initial blood cultures from the cat and veterinarian were sterile. Repeat cultures from the cat grew Bartonella-like organisms with lophotrichous flagella. Sera from the veterinarian were not reactive against Bartonella hen...

With most phages, the titer of a lysate measured by plaque count remains stable from the time of lysis or shows a progressive decrease as phage becomes inactivated by a variety of environmental agents. Freshly prepared lysates of bacteriophage T2 of Escherichia coli rise in titer spontaneously with time, the maxmum titer being reached in several weeks under refrigeration. Bertani (unpublished d...

Serum antibody titrations against the heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) of Escherichia coli were carried out on Panamanians, U.S. citizens resident in the Panama Canal Zone, Apache Indians living on the reservation in Whiteriver, Arizona, and Peace Corps volunteers before they traveled overseas. Antibody titers to Norwalk virus were also carried out on serum from Panamanian and Canal Zone residents....

Different immunomodulatory activities present in Trichilia glabra (TG) leaf extracts have already been described. Particularly, chloroform-methanol extracts were responsible for an in-vivo anti-inflammatory effect. The effect of such extracts on the infectivity of enveloped and naked viruses were investigated. Methanolic fraction extracts were active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ...

This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of H5N1 Avian Influenza vaccination in different duck breeds and to assess the magnitude of maternal antibody titer transferred from the vaccinated hen to the eggs and off ducklings as a protector agent against H5N1. Experimental research was conducted on 16 male and 48 female mallards and 16 male and 48 female Muscovy ducks aged 16 week old. Th...

The effects of Corexit 9500, a dispersant used to clean up oil spills, on invertebrates, lower vertebrates, birds, and human health have been examined, but there is a significant lack of study of the effect of this dispersant on aquatic viruses. In this study, the effects of Corexit 9500 on four aquatic viruses of differing structural composition were examined. Corexit 9500 reduced the titer of...