The inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts of field-grown sorghum (Sorghum bicolor cv. Bird-a-boo) herbage and roots was quantitatively indexed by three aspects of cumulative cress (Lepidium sativum cv. Curlycress) seed germination: the germination onset; weighted mean rate; and final germination percentage. Extract potency was greatest for herbage collected four weeks after planting but decli...

It is argued that languages constructs for defining services are important in providing well-structured descriptions. This view is illustrated with two service definition languages, Anise (Architectural Notions In Service Engineering) and Cress (Chisel Representation Employing Structured Specifications). Anise is a mainly textual notation for defining services through the composition of simpler...

An increasing number of published accounts (e.g., Cress and Kimmerle 2008; Kane and Fichman 2009; Wagner and Majchrzak 2007; Yates et al. 2010) describe Wikis and their impact on knowledge aggregation from many contributors. In this appendix, we extend these accounts to explain the specific mechanisms that cause Wiki-based efforts to succeed in the creation and maintenance of knowledge assets w...

Aim: Plastics, and acid rain, are the results of anthropogenic activities; although, injuries caused by acidic precipitation to plants well known, what happen if rain is coupled with microplastics pollution? Methods: In this experiment, we simulated, under controlled condition, a contaminated area from four different kinds Microplastics (MPs): Polyethylene (PE), Polyvinylchloride (PVC), commerc...

Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses, which has deleterious effect on growth, development and yield of crops. Due to the gradual increase in soil and water salinity in the East Azarbaijan province of Iran, the garden cress cultivation in this region has always been associated with many problems. In order to evaluate the tolerance of this plant to different levels of salinity thr...

copper is a micronutrient which its, deficiency can alter essential functions in plant metabolism. on the other hand, excess copper is present in certain regions and environments, and can be potentially toxic to plants causing phytotoxicity by the formation of reactive oxygen species that damage cells. in this study, we examined the effect interactions between various concentrations of sodium n...

The present investigation was carried out to determine the efficacy and safety of Lepidium sativum (L. sativum) (Garden Cress, Fam: Cruciferae) in patients of bronchial asthma. L. sativum seed powder was given at a dose of 1 gm thrice a day orally to 30 patients of either sex in the range of 15-80 years with mild to moderate bronchial asthma without any concurrent medication. The respiratory fu...

Allelopathy offers potential for weed control through the production and release of allelochemicals from leaves, flowers, seeds, stems and roots.  In this research, allelopathy potentials of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Vinca rosea L. leaves were evaluated. Three extract concentrations, including 2.5, 5 and 10% (w/v) of both aqueous and ethanolic were prepared from a 10% w/v stock solution...

Circular rep-encoding ssDNA (CRESS-DNA) viruses are common constituents of invertebrate viral consortia. Despite their ubiquity and sequence diversity, the effects of CRESS-DNA viruses on invertebrate biology and ecology remain largely unknown. This study assessed the relationship between the transcriptional profile of benthic amphipods of genus Diporeia and the presence of the CRESS-DNA virus,...