priming is one of the seed enhancement methods that might be resulted in increased seed performance (germination and emergence), seedling growth and plant yield under stress conditions, such as salinity, temperature and drought stress. in order to evaluate the effect of growth hormones on morphology characteristics and essential oil of basil under drought stress condition, a experiment was cond...

Plant regeneration was achieved using somatic embryos obtained from the Vitis vinifera cvs Sugraone, Crimson Seedless and Don Mariano. White somatic embryos, 1.5-3 mm in length, were cultured on embryo germination medium with or without IAA (10 μM) + GA3 (1 μM). Germinated embryos showed 5 different morphologies, (1) one cotyledon, (2) two cotyledons, (3) three cotyledons, (4) trumpet-like and ...

For ex vitro propagation, seeds of P.pubescens were treated with different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) and germination of seeds was tested both in plastic pots as well as by direct sowing in the nursery beds. Maximum seed germination was achieved when treated with 200 mgL(-1) (w/v) GA3. For in vitro propagation, an exposure of nodal explants from in vitro raised seedlings to 0.2 mg...

This research was caried out to understand the behavior of growth regulators (giberelic acid (GA3) e 6-benzilaminopurin (BAP) on lignification system of Eucalyptus grandis (FORMER Hill Maiden). After GA3 (alone) and BAP (combined) applications, analyses were carried out. These regulators were applied by a atomization system at different concentrations levels. Anatomical analysis, including Mäul...

Pea is a seed legume. It rich in cellulose fibre and protein. also significant source of minerals vitamins. In this paper, we set out to better characterize the physiological responses Pisum sativum L. combined effects NaCl, 100 mM gibberellins (GA3). Our analysis revealed that NaCl caused decrease growth resulting reduction root elongation, distribution density, leaf number area, dry matter ro...

Some cultivars of grapevine have very compact cluster which adversely affect its quality and marketability. ‘Yaghouti’ is a commercial early table grape cultivar that has very compact clusters. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of mechanical and chemical thinning as well as GA3 application on cluster morphology and berry size of grapevine cv. ‘Yaghouti’. Treatments were chem...

An experiment was carried out by considering adverse impact of heavy metals on human health through consumption crops. To alleviate the effects cadmium (Cd) toxicity foliar application gibberellic acid (GA3), two varieties Brassica including Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) commonly known as ‘Raya’ and rapeseed rapaL.) ‘Toria’ were studied. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) use...

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a biennial crop of high commercial value in Pakistan. considered as salt sensitive plant species. The present investigation was carried out to investigate the effect salinity on onion and its alleviation through exogenously applied gibberellic acid (GA3; 100 mg L-1). Foliar application GA3 (100 L-1) seedlings grown under three levels (0, 2 or 4 dS m-1) after 45 days so...

Fruit set and early development depends on endogenous hormone levels and gene expression related to fruit growth and development in cucumber (Cucumis sativus). In this study, the growth and development of cucumber ovaries and young fruits, endogenous hormones levels, and Csexpansin 10 (CsEXP 10) gene expressions in pollinated fruits and unpollinated ovaries were studied from -2 to 6 days post a...

Complexes of Ga3+, a d10 metal ion which lacks ligand-field-stabilization energy, are considered labile. In fact, hexaaquagallium(III) has a ligand exchange rate of 403 s-1, 2.5 times that of the analagous Fe3+ complex (Hugi-Cleary, D.; Helm, L.; Merbach, A. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 4444-4450). Given this lability, resolution of Ga3+ complexes should be impossible. Despite this, we repor...