Introduction Quadratic integral equations provide an important tool for modeling the numerous problems in engineering and science. These equations appear in the modeling of radiative transfer, kinetic theory of gases, traffic theory, neutron transport and in many other phenomena [2-7]. So, it is clear that solving this class of integral equations can be used to describe many events in the real ...

in this paper, we studied the numerical solution of nonlinear weakly singular volterra-fredholm integral equations by using the product integration method. also, we shall study the convergence behavior of a fully discrete version of a product integration method for numerical solution of the nonlinear volterra-fredholm integral equations. the reliability and efficiency of the proposed scheme are...

In this paper, we use parametric form of fuzzy number, then feed-forward neural network is presented for obtaining approximate solution for fuzzy Fredholm integro-differential equation of the second kind. This paper presents a method based on neural networks and Newton-Cotes methods with positive coefficient. The ability of neural networks in function approximation is our main objective. The pr...

As both light transport simulation and reinforcement learning are ruled by the same Fredholm integral equation of the second kind, machine learning techniques can be used for efficient photorealistic image synthesis: Light transport paths are guided by an approximate solution to the integral equation that is learned during rendering. In analogy to recent advances in reinforcement learning for p...

Sinc-collocation scheme is one of the new techniques used in solving numerical problems involving integral equations. This method has been shown to be a powerful numerical tool for finding fast and accurate solutions. So, in this paper, some properties of the Sinc-collocation method required for our subsequent development are given and are utilized to reduce integral equation of the first kind ...

In this paper, a novel hybrid method based on learning algorithmof fuzzy neural network and Newton-Cotesmethods with positive coefficient for the solution of linear Fredholm integro-differential equation of the second kindwith fuzzy initial value is presented. Here neural network isconsidered as a part of large field called neural computing orsoft computing. We propose alearning algorithm from ...

One of the main problems in computer graphics is to solve the global illumination problem, which is given by a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind, called the radiance equation (REQ). In order to achieve realistic images, a very complex kernel of the integral equation, modelling all physical effects of light, must be considered. Due to this complexity Monte Carlo methods seem to be an...

in this article the nonlinear mixed volterra-fredholm integral equations are investigated by means of the modied three-dimensional block-pulse functions (m3d-bfs). this method converts the nonlinear mixed volterra-fredholm integral equations into a nonlinear system of algebraic equations. the illustrative   examples are provided to demonstrate the applicability and simplicity of our   scheme.

The Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is of widespread use in many realms of engineering and applied mathematics. Among the variety of numerical solutions to this equation, the qudrature method and its modification are remarkable. The latter aims at reducing the computational complexity of the quadrature method. In this paper, we present Mathematica programs that utilize the modifie...