in this paper i develop a proxy means tests (pmt) model and examine several targeting lines based on 2008 household survey data to identify beneficiaries for a targeting subsidy scheme in iran. based on the findings of this study, setting a cut-off percentile of 40% is expected to provide compensation for almost 70 percent of the poorest households. this will result in the highest accuracy main...

The low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) is the largest project-based housing subsidy in the United States. Within the program, private developers receive a subsidy in exchange for constructing apartment units that rent for a predetermined affordable rate. Because the subsidy requires apartment buildings to charge a lower rental rate, the opportunity cost of developing subsidized housing in a ...

Twitter is one of the social media platforms used by people in Indonesia. often its users to express opinions regarding a product, institution or event. From keyword fuel, fuel subsidy that currently trending topic because changes subsidies affect prices other staples, find out value sentiment public opinion, analysis methods support vector machine and lexicon based. 
 Lexicon labeling met...

Some favor maintaining constraints on bank powers and organizational form because they believe banks receive a significant net subsidy from access to the federal safety net. They argue that this net subsidy will be successfully transferred to subsidiaries or affiliates engaged in non-traditional activities, giving these units a significant competitive advantage vis a vis rivals not affiliated w...

BACKGROUND Globally, 2.8 billion people rely on household solid fuels. Reducing the resulting adverse health, environmental, and development consequences will involve transitioning through a mix of clean fuels and improved solid fuel stoves (IS) of demonstrable effectiveness. To date, achieving uptake of IS has presented significant challenges. OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review of f...

Abstract Under the goal of carbon neutralization and peak, China’s electric vehicle industry will usher in a high-speed development stage. Electric vehicles can achieve emission reduction from two aspects energy substitution clean substitution. In this paper, benchmark is determined, Bass model used to predict number vehicles. On basis, dioxide emissions reduced when replace fuel meet travel re...