BACKGROUND Mechanical load-induced intraosseous pressure gradients may result in some fluid stimuli effects, such as fluid flow and fluid shear stress (FSS), which may enable bone cells to detect external mechanical signals. Interstitial bone fluid flow is known to occur in lacunar-canalicular porosity (PLC). METHODS In order to characterize lacunar-canalicular fluid flow behavior, a hierarch...

In this article we develop a database-based spectrum access for the Ka band, allowing fixed satellite services (FSS) receivers to coexist with the terrestrial fixed services (FS) system, thus increasing the downlink capacity of the satellite system. The main focus of this paper is to study FS interference to FSS user terminal receivers in the 17.7-19.7 GHz band as the interference from FSS to F...

The concentration of evolutionary breakpoints in Primate karyotypes in some particular regions or chromosome bands suggests that these chromosomal regions are more prone to breakage. In this work our aim is to test whether fragile sites (FSs) and intrachromosomal telomeric sequences (TTAGGG)n are implicated in the evolutionary process of Primate chromosomes. For this purpose, we have analyzed: ...

Fail-stop signature (FSS) schemes are important primitives because in a fail-stop signature scheme the signer is protected against unlimited powerful adversaries as follows: Even if an adversary breaks the scheme’s underlying computational hard problem and hence forges a signature, then with overwhelming probability the signer is able to prove that a forgery has occurred (i.e. that the underlyi...

BACKGROUND Functional somatic symptoms (FSS), like chronic pain and overtiredness, are often assumed to be stress-related. Altered levels of the stress hormone cortisol could explain the association between stress and somatic complaints. We hypothesized that low cortisol levels after awakening and low cortisol levels during stress are differentially associated with specific FSS. METHODS This ...

Fatigue is a common and disabling symptom in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, consistent neuroimaging correlates of its severity are not fully elucidated. In this article, we study the neuronal correlates of fatigue severity in MS. Forty-three Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS) patients with MS-related fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) range: 1-7) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≤ 4...

Since its genesis, fuzzy sets (FSs) theory (Zadeh, 1965) provided a flexible framework for handling the indeterminacy characterizing real-world systems, arising mainly from the imprecise and/or imperfect nature of information. Moreover, fuzzy logic set the foundations for dealing with reasoning under imprecision and offered the means for developing a context that reflects aspects of human decis...

OBJECTIVE To describe the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the fatigue severity scale (FSS) in patients with COPD and to identify the presence of its association with parameters of pulmonary function, dyspnea, and functional capacity. METHODS This was an observational cross-sectional study involving 50 patients with COPD, who completed the FSS in ...

We hypothesized that mice subjected to prolonged stress would demonstrate decreased performance in a learning and memory task attributable to the endogenous activation of the opioid receptor (KOR). C57BL/6J mice were tested using the novel object recognition (NOR) assay at various time points after exposure to repeated forced swim stress (FSS). Unstressed mice demonstrated recognition of the no...

Fuzzy logic is frequently used in computing with words (CWW). When input words to a CWW engine are modeled by interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FSs), the CWW engine’s output can also be an IT2 FS, e A, which needs to be mapped to a linguistic label so that it can be understood. Because each linguistic label is represented by an IT2 FS e Bi, there is a need to compare the similarity of e A and e B...